性别差异对农村老年人生活质量的影响

Sex differences in demography and quality of Life in rural elder adults

目的探讨性别差异对农村老年人生活质量的影响。方法采用分层抽样方法,分别招募皖中、皖南、皖北及皖西等地农村老年人(≥65岁),编制信息调查表,收集一般人口社会学资料,采用WHOQOL-BREF量表测定生活质量。比较不同性别人群之间的生活质量及影响因素的差别。结果女性老年人生活质量低于男性(54.99±8.30 vs 57.65±8.32),且在生理、心理及环境领域得分均低于男性(均P<0.05)。控制混杂因素后,在生活质量总分、生理及环境领域得分性别差异仍显著(P<0.05)。教育程度低、独身、BMI小的老年人生活质量越差。结论相比之下,女性农村老年人生活质量较差,需对高危因素采取针对性干预措施。

Objective To explore the influence of sex differences on the quality of life of the older adults in rural areas.Methods The stratified sampling method was used to recruit the rural older adults(≥65 years old)in central Anhui,southern Anhui,northern Anhui and western Anhui.The information questionnaire was compiled,the general demographic sociological data were collected,and the quality of life was measured by WHOQOL-BREF scale.The differences of quality of life and influencing factors between different genders were compared.Results The quality of life of the female older adults was lower than that of the male(54.99±8.30 vs57.65±8.32),and the scores in physiological,psychological and environmental fields were lower than those of the male(all P<0.05).After controlling the confounding factors,there were still significant sex differences in the total score of quality of life,physiology and environment(P<0.05).The worse the quality of life of the older adults with low education,celibacy and low BMI.Conclusion In contrast,the quality of life of the female older adults in rural areas is poor,and targeted intervention measures should be taken to deal with the high risk factors.