“后周鲁时代”的天下秩序:《荀子》和《吕氏春秋》的政治哲学

The World Order after“Zhou-Lu Regime”:Political Philosophies of the Xunzi and Mr.Lü’s Spring and Autumn Annals

藉由以历史学、政治思想史、中国哲学史以及所谓“观念史/概念史”等各种研究途径之互相参照,笔者试图综合探讨《荀子》和《吕氏春秋》政治哲学的撰写目的和思想内容,并藉此期盼阐明《荀》《吕》两书对于战国时局的历史上之固有的思想意义。《荀》《吕》之出现的历史背景,即公元前256年发生的周、鲁两国之灭亡而由此出现的“后周鲁时代”,以如上历史背景为主要契机而诞生的《荀》《吕》政治哲学之共同目标应该在于构想能够治理全天下之人民的国家之建立。在此基础上,文章进一步探讨《荀》《吕》政治哲学的主要异同。

This article attempts to elucidate the purpose and contents of the political philosophies of the Xunzi and Mr.Lü’s Spring and Autumn Annals(hereinafter“LSCQ”)with an interdisciplinary approach in which historiography,history of political thought and philosophy,history of ideas and concepts inform each other.With this research method,the present author hopes to explain the historical background for the advent of the Xunzi and LSCQ.The article starts by explaining its background,that is,the“post-Zhou-Lu regime”after 256 BC,the year in which both the Zhou dynasty and the State of Lu were conquered respectively by Qin and Chu.A significant purpose to these two political philosophies was to present a blueprint to construct a kind of“world-state”to rule the people of the whole Chinese civilization.In the latter half of this article,the author clarifies the similarities and differences between the two political philosophies.