适宜休耕地早播的谷子品种筛选

Selection of Millet Varieties Suitable for Early Sowing in Fallow Land

为了筛选适宜华北夏谷区休耕地早播种植的谷子品种,以该区播种面积较大的21个谷子品种为试材,在休耕地上早播种植(5月15日条播),对不同品种的生育期、叶面积指数、叶片SPAD值、农艺性状、抗病性和抗倒性进行了比较,结果显示,参试谷子品种在生育期、叶面积指数、叶片SPAD值、株高、穗长、穗粗、地上部干物重、产量和抗病性方面均存在显著差异。参试谷子品种的产量为2843.8~4556.5 kg/hm^(2),其中冀谷39、冀谷42和HF36产量较高,分别为4556.5、4326.0和4244.2 kg/hm^(2);地上部干物重为21.2~33.9 g,其中HF36、HF9和冀谷39的地上部干物重较高,分别为33.9、33.2和31.6 g;宫米1号、济谷21、冀谷168和冀谷45的病害发生较轻,抗倒性较强。并采用隶属函数法对21个谷子品种的综合表现进行了评价,结果显示,参试谷子品种的综合得分为0.26~0.86分,品种间差异较大,其中冀谷39综合得分最高,其次是HF35(0.76)、HF36(0.73)、宫米1号(0.69)、冀谷42(0.68)、汇华金米(0.68)和豫谷27(0.63),这7个谷子品种综合表现优异,适宜在华北夏谷区休耕地早播种植。

In order to select millet varieties suitable for early sowing and planting in fallow land in summer val-ley area of North China,21 millet varieties with large sowing area in this area were used as test materials for early sowing and planting on fallow land(drill sowing on May 15th).The growth period,leaf area index,leaf SPAD value,agronomic characteristics,disease resistance and lodging resistance of different varieties were com-pared.The results showed that there were significant differences in growth period,leaf area index,leaf SPAD value,plant height,ear length,ear diameter,aboveground dry matter weight,yield and disease resistance among tested materials.The yield of tested varieties was 2843.8-4556.5 kg/hm^(2),among which the yield of Jigu 39,Jigu 42 and HF36 was 4556.5,4326.0 and 4244.2 kg/hm^(2),respectively.The aboveground dry matter weight was 21.2-33.9 g,of which the aboveground dry matter weight of HF36,HF9 and Jigu 39 was higher,which was 33.9,33.2 and 31.6 g,respectively.The diseases of Gongmi No.1,Jigu 21,Jigu 168 and Jigu 45 were mild,and these varieties had strong lodging resistance.The comprehensive performance of 21 millet varieties was evaluated by membership function method.The results showed that the comprehensive score of the tested millet varieties was 0.26-0.86,and there were great differences among varieties,a mong which Jigu 39 had the highest comprehensive score,followed by HF35(0.76),HF 36(0.73),Gongmi No.1(0.69),Jigu 42(0.68),Huihuajinmi(0.68)and Yugu 27(0.63).These seven millet varieties have excellent comprehensive performance and are suita ble for early sowing in fallow land in summer valley area of North China.