政府大数据赋能城市创新:理论机制与经验证据

GOVERNMENT BIG DATA EMPOWERS URBAN INNOVATION:THEORETICAL MECHANISM AND EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE

中国城市创新存在着明显的发展不平衡、协同性差的问题。政府大数据作为公共信息资源的宝库,是赋能城市创新、实现协同发展的关键要素。本文基于政府传播视角,通过Netlogo仿真实验识别了影响政府大数据传播效果的关键因素,并将其纳入企业公共信息资本积累函数,以此拓展了企业横向创新内生增长模型并探究了政府大数据赋能城市创新的微观机制;此外,本文以2014年实施的"信息惠民国家试点"政策为准自然实验,采用双重差分法实证检验了政府大数据对城市创新的赋能作用。理论研究表明:激励政府提高传播意愿和优化大数据传播情景能通过改善政府传播效果促进企业公共信息资本积累提量增速,加速企业创新、赋能城市创新;实证研究发现:信息惠民国家试点政策对试点城市创新指数的平均提升作用约为29%。为此,有序推广政府大数据惠民试点工程、多措多举推动政府传播环境的优化与制度供给,是助力城市创新的可行思路。

China’s urban innovation is facing the obvious problems of unbalanced development and poor coordination.As a treasure house of public information resources,government big data is not only a key factor to empower urban innovation,but also a key factor to realize collaborative innovation.From the perspective of government information dissemination,this paper identifies the key factors that affect the effect of government information dissemination through the Netlogo simulation experiment,and integrates the factors into the accumulation function of enterprises’public information capital,so as to expand the endogenous growth model of enterprise horizontal innovation and explore the micro mechanism of government big data empowering urban innovation.Moreover,this paper utilizes the difference-in-difference method to examine effect of"the national pilot policy of information benefiting the people",a program implemented in 2014,by employing 2010—2016 China’s urban panel data.The theoretical research shows that:by encouraging the government to disseminate information and optimizing the information dissemination environment,the effect of government information dissemination can be effectively improved,so as to enrich the accumulation of public information capital of enterprises and reduce the time lag of information dissemination,accelerate enterprise innovation,thus promote urban innovation.The empirical research shows that the average promotion effect of this pilot policy on the innovation index of pilot cities is about 29%.Therefore,it is feasible to popularize and deepen this pilot project in an orderly way and take various measures to promote the optimization of the national innovation environment and institutional supply.