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氮肥基追比例对滴灌春小麦氮代谢及氮肥利用率的影响 被引量:7

Effects of Base Topdressing Ratio of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Nitrogen Metabolism and Use Efficiency of Spring Wheat Under Drip Irrigation
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摘要 探讨减氮模式下氮肥不同基追比例对滴灌春小麦氮代谢关键酶活性、氮素积累转运、产量及氮肥利用率的影响,为新疆麦区滴灌春小麦高效生产提供科学依据。以中筋型“新春6号”(XC 6)和强筋型“新春37号”(XC 37)小麦品种为材料,设置0∶0,2∶8,3∶7,4∶6,5∶5共5种氮肥基追比处理,研究氮肥基追比例对滴灌春小麦氮代谢及氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明:同一品种下,随氮肥基追比例的增加,氮代谢酶活性、氮素积累、氮肥利用率(NUE)、籽粒产量及蛋白质产量均呈现先升高后降低的趋势,花前氮素转运率、花前氮素贡献率及氮肥生理利用效率(NPE)则呈相反变化,且同一氮肥基追比例下,上述指标均表现出XC 37高于XC 6。品种与氮肥基追比互作表现为,花前氮素转运量、花后氮素积累量、花后氮素贡献率、NUE、氮肥农学利用效率(NAE)、氮肥偏生产量(NPEP)、氮收获指数(NHI)、籽粒产量、蛋白质产量在3∶7处理下分别比其余处理提高了1.51%~34.93%,10.62%~83.63%,4.82%~25.38%,8.00%~45.11%,6.97%~19.84%,2.00%~5.80%,7.95%~40.38%,1.44%~84.86%,4.44%~98.04%。相关分析表明,NUE与蛋白质产量、籽粒产量、植株氮素积累量、GS、NR均呈显著正相关。说明在氮肥基追比例为3∶7时,由于氮代谢酶活性增强,有利于植株氮素积累,促进籽粒产量、蛋白质产量及氮素利用率的协同提高。 To investigate the effects of different base topdressing rates of nitrogen(N)fertilizer on the activity of key enzymes of N metabolism,N accumulation and transport,yield and N fertilizer utilization in drip irrigated spring wheat under N reduction mode,and to provide a scientific basis for the efficient production of drip irrigation spring wheat in Xinjiang wheat area,with medium gluten Xinchun 6(XC 6)and strong gluten Xinchun 37(XC 37)as materials,five nitrogen base topdressing ratios of 0∶0,2∶8,3∶7,4∶6 and 5∶5 were set to study the effects of nitrogen base topdressing ratio on nitrogen metabolism and nitrogen use efficiency of spring wheat under drip irrigation.The results showed that,with increasing N fertilizer basal rate,nitrogen metabolism enzyme activity,nitrogen accumulation,nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate(NUE),seed yield and protein yield all tended to increase and then decrease,while pre-flowering nitrogen translocation rate,pre-flowering nitrogen contribution rate,and nitrogen fertilizer physiological utilization efficiency(NPE)showed the opposite trend,and the above parameters were higher in XC 37 than XC 6 at the same N fertilizer basal rate.The interact of variety and N fertilizer basal chase ratio showed that pre-flowering N translocation,post-flowering N accumulation,post-flowering N contribution,NUE,N fertilizer agronomic use efficiency(NAE),N fertilizer partial production(NPEP),N harvest index(NHI),seed yield,and protein yield were increased by 1.51%~34.93%,10.62%~83.63%,4.82%~25.38%,8.00%~45.11%,6.97%~19.84%,2.00%~5.80%,7.95%~40.38%,1.44%~84.86%,4.44%~98.04%,respectively,under 3∶7 treatment compared to the rest of the treatments.Correlation analysis showed that NUE was significantly and positively correlated with protein yield,seed yield,plant nitrogen accumulation,GS,and NR.Therefore,a 3∶7 ratio of nitrogen fertilizer base topdressing could improve plant nitrogen accumulation and promote seed yield,protein yield and nitrogen utilization based on the increase of nitrogen metabolizing enzyme activity.
作者 王海琪 黄艺华 蒋桂英 刘钰婷 车子强 WANG Haiqi;HUANG Yihua;JIANG Guiying;LIU Yuting;CHE Ziqiang(College of Agronomy,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000)
出处 《水土保持学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2022年第1期297-306,315,共11页 Journal of Soil and Water Conservation
基金 国家自然科学基金项目(31760346)。
关键词 滴灌春小麦 氮肥基追比例 氮代谢酶活性 氮素积累与转运 氮肥利用率 spring wheat with drip irrigation ratio of basal fertilizer nitrogen to topdressing nitrogen enzyme activity of nitrogen metabolism nitrogen accumulation and transport nitrogen use efficiency
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