大理市社区老年2型糖尿病患者自我效能与社会支持的相关性分析

Correlation analysis of self-efficacy and social support in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in the community of Dali

目的了解大理市社区老年2型糖尿病患者的自我效能与社会支持的现状及二者的相关性。方法采用随机抽样的方法对某社区107例老年2型糖尿病患者进行调查,分析其自我效能与社会支持的现状,通过Pearson或Spearman相关分析探讨两者的相关性,采用多元线性回归和虚拟线性回归分析自我效能的影响因素。结果社区老年2型糖尿病患者的自我效能总体得分为(122.46±45.96)分,处于中等自我效能水平;社会支持总体得分为(45.51±8.00)分,处于高等社会支持水平。相关性分析显示,自我效能总分值与社会支持总分值呈正相关(r=0.326,P<0.05)。主观支持和对支持的利用度与监测、饮食、运动各维度均呈正相关(r分别为0.388、0.378、0.358;r分别为0.225、0.297、0.246;P均<0.05)。主观支持与用药呈正相关(r=0.344,P<0.05),客观支持与用药呈负相关(r=-0.192,P<0.05)。回归分析结果显示主观支持、客观支持、对支持的利用度是社区老年2型糖尿病患者自我效能的独立预测因子(R^(2)=0.352,F=9.038,P<0.05)。结论大理市社区老年2型糖尿病患者的自我效能与社会支持为正相关关系,排除混杂因素,主观支持、客观支持、对支持的利用度是其自我效能的影响因素。

Objective To understand the current situation of self-efficacy and social support of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in the community of Dali City and the correlation between them.Methods A random sampling method was used to investigate 107 elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in one community to analyze the status quo of their self-efficacy and social support,and then we explored the correlation between the two through Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis,and used multiple linear regression and virtual linear regression analysis to analyze their influencing factors.Results The overall self-efficacy score of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in the community was(122.46±45.96)points,which was at a medium self-efficacy level;the overall score of social support was(45.51±8.00)points,which was at a high level of social support.Correlation analysis showed that the total score of self-efficacy was positively correlated with the total score of social support(r=0.326,P<0.05).Subjective support and the utilization of support were positively correlated with the dimensions of monitoring,diet,and exercise(r=0.388,0.378,and 0.358;r=0.225,0.297,and 0.246;all P<0.05).Subjective support was positively correlated with medication(r=0.344,P<0.05),and objective support was negatively correlated with medication(r=-0.192,P<0.05).Regression analysis results showed that subjective support,objective support,and utilization of support were independent predictors of self-efficacy in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in the community(R^(2)=0.352,F=9.038,P<0.05).Conclusion The self-efficacy of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in the Dali community is positively correlated with social support;excluding the confounding factors,subjective support,objective support,and utilization of support are the influencing factors of their selfefficacy.