职业获益感在规范化培训期护士情绪智力与情绪劳动间的中介作用

Mediating effect of occupational benefit on emotional intelligence and emotional labor of nurses during standardized training

目的探讨职业获益感在规范化培训期护士情绪智力与情绪劳动间的中介作用,为提升规范化培训期护士的职业适应潜能提供参考。方法本研究为横断面研究。采用便利抽样法,于2020年5—6月选取中山大学附属第五医院、南昌大学第一附属医院的318名规范化培训期护士为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、情绪智力量表、职业获益感量表及情绪劳动量表对其进行调查,采用结构方程模型探讨职业获益感在情绪智力与情绪劳动间的中介作用。结果本研究共回收问卷318份,其中有效问卷312份。312名护士情绪智力、职业获益感条目均分分别为(3.69±0.52)、(3.97±0.54)分;情绪劳动3个维度条目均分分别为表层扮演(3.42±0.95)分、情绪表达要求(3.62±0.99)分、深层扮演(4.62±0.86)分。情绪智力、职业获益感与情绪劳动各维度间存在相关性(均P<0.05)。结构方程模型显示,规范化培训期护士情绪智力、职业获益感均对情绪劳动具有直接预测作用,情绪智力还以职业获益感为中介变量间接影响情绪劳动。结构方程拟合指数χ^(2)/df=1.731,拟合优度指数为0.949,调整的拟合优度指数为0.912,近似误差均方根为0.058。结论职业获益感在规范化培训期护士情绪智力与情绪劳动间存在部分中介作用,护理管理者可从个体自身因素层面通过采用有效措施提升规范化培训期护士的情绪智力水平、增强职业获益感,优化其情绪劳动表现。

Objective To explore the mediating role of occupational benefit in the emotional intelligence and emotional labor of nurses during the standardized training period,so as to provide references for enhancing the professional adaptation potential of nurses during the standardized training period.Methods This study was a cross-sectional study.Using the convenient sampling method,a total of 318 standardized training nurses from the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University and the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University were selected as research objects from May to June 2020.They were investigated by general data questionnaire,Emotional Intelligence Scale,Occupational Benefit Scale and Emotional Labor Scale.Structural equation model(SEM)was used to explore the mediating effect of occupational benefit on emotional intelligence and emotional labor.Results A total of 318 questionnaires were collected in this study,among which 312 were valid.The mean scores of items of emotional intelligence and occupational benefits of 312 nurses were(3.69±0.52)and(3.97±0.54),respectively.The average scores of the three dimensions of emotional labor were surface acting(3.42±0.95),emotional expression requirements(3.62±0.99)and deep acting(4.62±0.86).There were correlations between emotional intelligence,occupational benefit and emotional labor(all P<0.05).The structural equation model showed that the emotional intelligence and occupational benefit of nurses in the standardized training period had direct predictive effects on emotional labor,and emotional intelligence also indirectly affected emotional labor with occupational benefit as an intermediary variable.The structural equation fitting index χ^(2)/df was 1.731,the goodness of fit index was 0.949,the adjusted goodness of fit index was 0.912 and the root mean square error of approximation was 0.058.Conclusions Occupational benefit has a partial mediating effect between the emotional intelligence and emotional labor of nurses during the standardized training period.Nursing managers can take effective measures to improve the emotional intelligence level of nurses during the standardized training period,enhance the sense of occupational benefit and optimize their emotional labor performance from individual factors.