高浓度CO_(2)气调包装对冷藏草鱼品质的影响

Effect of High Carbon Dioxide Modified Atmosphere Packaging(MAP)on the Quality of Grass Carp(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)during Refrigerated Storage

为研究高浓度CO_(2)气调包装在冷藏过程对草鱼品质特性的影响,以新鲜草鱼为研究对象,空气包装草鱼为对照,采用100%CO_(2)气调包装草鱼,并在4±1℃条件下贮藏7 d,期间在第0,第1,第3,第5和第7天测定草鱼菌落总数及其挥发性盐基氮(total volatile basis nitrogen,TVB-N)含量、色差、水分、保水性(汁液损失率、持水率和蒸煮损失率)等指标,并结合微观组织结构综合分析。结果表明,CO_(2)气调包装处理在理化和微观组织结构等方面均优于对照组,尤其是TVB-N相关指标中表现出较大优势,其中空气组TVB-N值超过中国国家标准,鱼体腐败时,CO_(2)包装组仍处在一级新鲜度。高浓度CO_(2)气调包装能在冷藏条件下有效抑制草鱼微生物生长繁殖和蛋白质变性,具有良好的保鲜效果,可延长草鱼的冷藏货架期。

In order to study the effect of high concentration CO_(2)atmosphere packaging on the quality characteristics of grass carp during cold storage,fresh grass carp was used as the research object,and air packaging grass carp was used as the control.Grass carp was packaged with 100%CO2 atmosphere,and stored at 4±1°C for 7 d.During the period,the total number of colonies and total volatile base nitrogen(TVB-N)content,color difference,water content and water holding capacity(juice loss rate,water holding rate and cooking loss rate)were measured on the 0,1,3,5 and 7 d,and the microstructure was comprehensively analyzed.The results showed that the physical and chemical properties and microstructure of CO_(2)modified atmosphere packaging were better than those of the control group,especially TVB-N.When the TVB-N value of the air group exceeded the national standard of China and the fish was rotten,the CO2 packaging group was still in the first freshness.High concentration CO_(2)atmosphere packaging could effectively inhibit the growth and reproduction of grass carp microorganisms and protein denaturation under cold storage conditions,which had good preservation effect and prolong the shelf life of grass carp.