越野车复合型悬架平顺性的研究

Research on Ride Comfort of an Off-road Vehicle with Compound Suspension

为解决越野车在复杂路面行驶过程中平顺性较差的问题,本文中在某型越野车原悬架系统上加装空气弹簧,形成新型复合型悬架结构。首先为探究越野车悬架系统的振动机理,通过对越野车空气弹簧和原悬架系统进行理想化结构分析,构建出了空气弹簧与螺旋弹簧相并联的复合型悬架系统模型;然后针对越野车行驶要求,提出了一种新型工作模式切换控制策略,并验证其有效性,完善了复合型悬架的控制系统;最后,将复杂路面作为复合悬架工作工况,以车身垂向加速度、悬架动行程和轮胎动变形作为评价指标,分析了复杂路面对复合悬架越野车平顺性和道路友好性的影响。结果表明:在复杂路面下,装复合型悬架系统的越野车比传统越野车有更好的平顺性,并有效解决了正常行驶下空气弹簧的损耗问题。

In order to solve the problem of poor ride comfort of off-road vehicle on complex roads,an air spring is added on the original suspension of an off-road vehicle to form a novel compound suspension structure in this paper. Firstly,for exploring the vibration mechanism of the suspension system of off-road vehicle,through the idealized structure analysis on the air spring and the original suspension system,a compound suspension system model incorporating air spring and coil spring in parallel is constructed. Then,according to the driving requirements of off-road vehicles,a new control strategy for switching working mode is proposed with its effectiveness verified and the control system of compound suspension improved. Finally,taking the complex road surface as the working condition of the compound suspension,with the vertical acceleration of vehicle body,the dynamic travel of suspension and the dynamic deformation of tire as evaluation indicators,the influences of the complex road surface on the ride comfort and road friendliness of the compound suspension are analyzed. The results show that with complex road surface,the off-road vehicle with compound suspension system has better ride comfort than that with traditional suspension,and the wear and tear problem of air spring in normal driving is also effectively solved.