高血压病人饮食管理的最佳证据总结

Summary of the best evidence of dietary management in patients with hypertension

目的:评价与总结高血压病人饮食管理的最佳证据,为临床内科护理提供科学依据和支持。方法:计算机检索BMJ最佳临床实践、Up to Data,澳大利亚JBI(Joanna Briggs Institute, JBI)循证卫生保健中心数据库、美国国立指南库、the Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库、万方数据库、中国知网、医脉通、丁香园等数据库中关于高血压病人饮食管理的文献,检索时限为2000年1月—2021年5月。结果:共纳入14篇文献,包括指南6篇、专家共识4篇、系统评价4篇,最终总结出包括饮食评估、整体饮食方案调整、供能营养素及膳食纤维的摄入及微量元素的摄入、日常饮品的摄入及健康教育6个方面的19条最佳证据。结论:本研究对高血压病人饮食管理的最佳证据进行总结,可指导临床实践,充分考虑病人现实情况,或可降低不良饮食对病人带来的不利影响。

Objective:To evaluate and summarize the best evidence of diet management in patients with hypertension, and to provide scientific basis and support for clinical medical nursing.Methods:Literatures on diet management of patients with hypertension were searched from BMJ best clinical practice, Up to Data, JBI evidence-based health care center database, US national guidelines database, the Cochrane Library, CBM,WanFang Database, CNKI,Yimaitong, and Dingxiangyuan.The retrieval time was from January 2000 to May 2021.Results:A total of 14 literatures were included, including 6 guidelines, 4 expert consensus and 4 systematic reviews.Finally, 19 best evidences were summarized, including 6 aspects of diet evaluation, overall diet plan adjustment, intake of energy supply nutrients and dietary fiber, intake of trace elements, intake of daily drinks and health education.Conclusion:This study summarizes the best evidence of diet management in patients with hypertension, which can guide clinical practice, fully consider the actual situation of patients, or reduce the adverse effects of bad diet on patients.