寒地节水抗旱水稻新种质食味品质研究

Preliminary Study on Taste Quality of New Water-saving and Drought-resistant Rice Germplasm in Cold Region

以寒地节水抗旱水稻新品系及黑龙江省首个国标一级米龙稻18为试材,分析其在正常栽培条件下产量和品质,并利用主成分分析(PCA)的方法对品质性状进行综合评价。结果表明,921产量最高,极显著高于其他材料(p<0.01);917稻米蛋白质含量最低,硬度最小,米饭弹性最好,食味值最高且极显著高于龙稻18及其他材料(p<0.01)。通过PCA提取了3个主成分(PC),PC 1方差贡献率最大,为49.3%,综合了蛋白质、弹性、直链淀粉含量;PC 2方差贡献率为23.112%,综合了外观、口感、综合评分;PC 3方差贡献率为19.774%,综合了硬度、食味值。品质综合评价值排序为:917(0.887)、928(0.701)、龙稻18(0.675)、913(0.481)、921(0.358)、914(0.219)。结合人工品尝可知,917食味优于龙稻18,928食味与龙稻18相当。

In this paper, the yield and quality of a new water-saving and drought-resistant rice line in cold region and the first national standard rice Longdao 18 in Heilongjiang province were analyzed under normal cultivation conditions, and the quality traits were comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis(PCA).The results showed that 921 had the highest yield, which was significantly higher than other materials(p<0.01).And, rice 917 had the lowest protein content, the lowest hardness, the best elasticity, and the highest taste value, which was significantly higher than that of Longdao 18 and other materials(p<0.01).Three principal components(PC) were extracted by PCA,and the variance contribution rate of PC 1 was up to 49.3%,which combined the contents of protein, elasticity and amylose, while the variance contribution rate of PC 2 was 23.112%,which integrated appearance, taste and comprehensive score.The variance contribution rate of PC 3 was 19.774%,which combined hardness and taste value.The comprehensive evaluation value of quality was 917(0.887),928(0.701),Longdao 18(0.675),913(0.481),921(0.358) and 914(0.219).Combined with artificial tasting, 917 was superior to Longdao 18 and the tastes of 928 was similar to Longdao 18.