不同调理剂对2种沉水植物好氧堆肥腐熟效果的影响

Effects of different conditioners on the maturity enhancement of two kinds of submerged plants composting

为探讨大型沉水植物资源化利用的新途径,防止二次污染,以白洋淀较为丰富的沉水植物为原料,选择湿地底泥、生物炭和微生物菌剂为调理剂进行堆肥实验,共设置6个处理组及2个对照组,以研究不同调理剂对沉水植物好氧堆肥腐熟效果的影响。结果表明,同时添加湿地底泥和生物炭的2个处理组能明显加快堆肥进程,温度可迅速升高到54.8和54.4℃,且高温持续时间更长;添加自制微生物菌剂处理组的有机质消耗率和全氮增长率显著高于添加复合微生物菌剂的处理组,添加生物炭和湿地底泥处理组堆肥产品的腐殖化指数(HA/FA)更高;半纤维素、纤维素和木质素的最大降解率分别为43.94%、26.92%和13.54%;堆肥结束时,所有处理的种子发芽指数均大于100%。自制微生物菌剂能显著影响碳、氮的转化进程;而生物炭能更能促进堆肥形成稳定的腐殖质,其腐熟效果较湿地底泥也更加显著。

In order to explore new ways of resource utilization of submerged plants and prevent the secondary pollution,this study used the richer submerged plants in Baiyangdian as raw materials,and selected wetland sediment,biochar and microbial agents as conditioners for composting experiments.A total of six treatment groups and two control groups were set up to study the effects of different conditioners on the quality of aerobic composting products of submerged plants.The results showed that the two treatment groups added with Sediment and biochar could significantly accelerate the composting process,the temperature raised to 54.8 and54.4℃rapidly,and the high temperature lasted longer.The consumption rate of organic matter and the growth rate of total nitrogen in the treatment group with homemade biological inoculants were significantly higher than those in the treatment group with compound microbial inoculants,and the humification index(HA/FA)of the composting product of the treatment group added with biochar and Sediment was higher.The maximum degradation rates of hemicellulose,cellulose and lignin were 43.94%,26.92%and 13.54%,respectively.At the end of composting,the seed germination index of all treatments was greater than 100%.This research showed that homemade biological inoculants could significantly affect the conversion process of carbon and nitrogen;while biochar could promote composting to form humus stable,and its maturity enhancement was more significant than that of sediment.