轮辐式永磁轮毂电机高效轻质设计与优化研究

High-efficiency and Lightweight Design and Optimization of Spoke-type Permanent Magnet In-wheel Motor

该文将"磁场调制技术"引入轮毂电机设计中,提出一种轮辐式永磁轮毂电机。通过在电机的定子侧与转子侧同步引入内含调制效果的"开槽拓扑设计",以期改善磁场调制效应,从而为实现电机的高转矩密度、高效轻质提供潜在的可能。研究过程中,以磁场调制原理为理论基础,针对轮辐式永磁轮毂电机的磁势、磁导及气隙磁密进行推导与分析,确定电机的开槽位置和形状是开展电机优化设计的关键要素。并且,以电机的转矩能力、损耗与质量为性能考虑因素,针对性地定义永磁磁能利用因子和轻质因子,为电机的优化设计提供有效的目标考量。为获得有效的降维优化设计,引入分层优化策略,旨在提升优化设计效率。基于此,针对轮辐式永磁轮毂电机的调制特性与电磁性能进行评估与分析。最后,理论分析、仿真计算与实验结果验证了轮辐式永磁轮毂电机及其优化设计的合理性与有效性。

In this paper, the "flux modulation" was introduced into the permanent magnet(PM) in-wheel motor design, and a spoke-type permanent magnet in-wheel(SPM-IW) motor was proposed. In order to enhance the flux modulation effect, the "open-slot design" with modulation effect was introduced synchronously in the stator side and rotor side of the motor, so as to provide a potential possibility for obtaining high torque density, high efficiency and light weight of the motor. Based on the theory of flux modulation, the magnetomotive force, air-gap permeance and air-gap flux density of the SPM-IW motor were deduced and analyzed, and the slot position and shape of the slot were determined to be the key elements for the optimization design of the motor. In addition, taking the torque capacity, loss and weight of the motor as the factors of performances, the magnet utilization factor and lightweight factor of the were defined specifically,which provided effective objective considerations for the optimization design of the motor. In order to obtain effective dimensionality reduction optimization design, the layered optimization strategy was introduced to improve the efficiency of optimization design. The flux modulation characteristics and electromagnetic performance of the SPM-IW motor were evaluated and analyzed. Finally, the theoretical analysis,simulation and experimental results verify the rationality and effectiveness of optimization design of the SPM-IW motor.