代际居住方式选择与农村老年贫困

Living Arrangement and Elderly Poverty in Rural China

本文基于2005-2014年中国老年健康影响因素追踪调查(CLHLS)数据,分析农村老年人口贫困和代际居住方式的变动状况及关联形式。本文发现,农村老年人口的贫困发生率相对较高,同时其与子女共同居住的比率明显下降,代际共居老年人口的贫困发生率低于代际分居老年人口;老年人的个体特征、家庭特征以及所在地区的地理文化特征均对其贫困风险和代际居住决策有显著影响,共居贫困率显著低于独居贫困率。本文进一步发现,居住状态由独居转化为共居能够明显降低老年人口陷入贫困的风险,而修正样本损耗问题后的估计结果再次肯定了代际共居对老年人口减贫的积极意义。

Based on four waves of CLHLS data in 2005,2008,2011 and 2014,this paper studies poverty and living arrangement among elderly population in rural China,with a special focus on the correlation between living arrangement and poverty status.The results indicate that there is a high poverty rate among rural elderly people,and the proportion of rural elderly living with children has been declining.The risk of poverty and the choice of living arrangement are mainly affected by personal and family characteristics as well as local socio-cultural traditions.The poverty rate for rural elderly living with children is significantly lower than that for those living by themselves.Also,elderly people who switch from living alone to co-residence are significantly less likely to go under poverty,compared to those living alone over time.The results are statistically robust with the first-order difference regression and Heckman selection model to correct the bias by sample attrition.