牙根内吸收的病因及致病机制

Etiology and pathogenesis of internal root resorption

牙根内吸收是由破牙本质细胞活动引起的根管内牙本质缺失的病理性过程。由于其发病具有隐匿性,发现时往往已形成较大病损。前期牙本质层受损是始发因素,持续的牙髓炎症刺激是促进因素。牙外伤、牙髓的慢性炎症、活髓切断术和牙再植术等多种因素均可诱导牙根内吸收的发生。本文针对牙根内吸收的病因和致病机制进行阐述,以期为牙根内吸收的早期阻断治疗提供参考。

Internal root resorption is a pathologic phenomenon with a characterization of the intraradicular dentin destruction due to the abnormal activities of odontoclasts.With its insidious pathology,internal root resorption can progress to a great extent before its clinical detection.The etiology and natural history of internal root resorption are uncertain and the associated key molecular pathogenesis have not been understood completely.The resorption is usually initiated by a stimulus with the loss of the protective predentin and progressed by the continuous stimuli of pulp infection.Various factors including trauma,chronic inflammation of the pulp,pulpotomy and tooth transplantation have been proposed for the occurrence of internal root resorption.The present paper reviews the etiology and pathogenesis of internal root resorption and provides guidance for the early intervention in the clinical practice.