20种新鲜核桃脂肪酸与卵磷脂品质分析

Quality analysis of fatty acids and lecithin composition of 20 kinds of fresh walnut

目的:探讨新鲜核桃的脂肪酸与卵磷脂种类和含量的相关性。方法:选取20种四川成都具有代表性的优良核桃品种为研究对象,采用气相色谱和高效液相色谱进行定量测定,并用相关性分析和聚类分析方法对结果进行信息分析。结果:20种新鲜核桃脂肪酸组成成分基本一致,但含量有显著性差异(P<0.05),油酸含量最高的品种是陇南15号;亚油酸、花生酸、顺-11-二十碳烯酸含量最高的品种均是广丰1号;卵磷脂变异系数相对较小,含量最高的品种是西洛3号。新鲜核桃中卵磷脂含量与脂肪酸含量有较高的关联性,并且脂肪酸组分中不饱和脂肪酸关联程度较高。当欧式距离为15时,可以将20种核桃分为3类。结论:陇南15号、广丰1号是油脂质量相对较好的新鲜核桃品种资源;西洛3号是卵磷脂含量相对较高的新鲜核桃品种资源。

Objective:This study aims to explore the correlation between the types and contents of fatty acids and lecithin in fresh walnut.Methods:A kinds of 20 walnuts were selected from Chengdu in Sichuan Province.The method of the gas chromatography and the high performance liquid chromatography were used for quantitative determination.Correlation analysis and cluster analysis were used to analyze the results.Results:The fatty acid composition of 20 kinds of fresh walnut was the same basically,with significant differences in content(P<0.05).Longnan 15 had the highest oleic acid content.The contents of linoleic acid,arachidonic acid and cis-11-eicosenoic acid of Guangfeng 1 were the highest.The variation coefficient of lecithin was relatively small,and the content of lecithin was the highest in Xilo 3.The content of lecithin in fresh walnut had a high correlation with the content of fatty acids,and unsaturated fatty acids are highly associated.When the euclide distance was 15,the 20 walnut species could be divided into 3 categories.Conclusion:Longnan 15 and Guangfeng 1 are walnut varieties with high oil quality relatively;Xilo 3 is a walnut variety resource with high content of lecithin relatively.