特大城市非正规地下居住空间合法化改造研究--以纽约实践为例

Legalization of Informal Living Basement in Megacities:A Case Study of New York City

我国特大城市长期面临人口流入带来的可负担住房供给压力.而地下空间作为潜在的可负担居住空间,多因空间条件差、安全隐患大而未得到有效利用。美国纽约市经过多年研究探索,于2019年正式通过地方建筑规范的修订,并在试点社区进行了地下空间合法化改造实践。本文在梳理纽约市相关工作推进历程的基础上,对最新的地下空间合法化的实施机制和关键策略进行解读,并深入分析法律规范修订、政府贷款支持、房屋租金控制等方面采取的具体措施和实施成效,以期为我国大城市非正规地下居住空间的包容性治理提供经验借鉴。

China’s megacities have long faced pressure on the supply of affordable housing due to population inf lux. As potential affordable living space, basement has not been effectively used due to poor physical condition and high security risk. After years of exploration, the government of New York City officially passed the revision of local building codes in 2019, and carried out the Basement Apartment Conversion Pilot Project(BACPP) in East New York. This paper introduces its working process, implementation mechanism and key strategies of the legalization of underground space, and analyzes the specific measures of regulatory revisions, government loan support, and housing rent control. This study provides insights into inclusive governance of informal underground living space in China’s megacities.