中日邦交正常化与台湾问题处理再考

Reviewing the Normalization of Sino-Japanese Relations and Settlement of the Taiwan Question

1972年9月,中日两国政府就“世界上只有一个中国”和“台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分”达成协议,就废除“日台和约”、日台关系的处理方式达成谅解,并在此基础上实现了邦交正常化。但是,在复杂严峻的国际环境及日本国内政治形势下,中日邦交正常化并没有解决两国之间的所有问题。此后,受国内政治及战略利益影响,日方不忠实履行协议、违背联合声明宗旨和精神的动作时有出现,导致中日之间“台湾问题”反复凸显。由于《中日联合声明》没有触及日美安保体制、“台湾条款”等,这就为日本借由强化日美军事合作介入台海局势留下了空间。日本涉台政策受到“复合逻辑”的支配。鉴于无法正面挑战《中日联合声明》,日本遂将日美安保体制的运用作为介入台湾问题的重要路径。随着国际局势的发展变化,日美“以台制华”的共同利益增强。加之国内相关法制的调整,日本干预台湾问题的动机、能力无疑都在增大。

In September 1972,the governments of China and Japan reached an agreement on“there is only one China in the world”and“Taiwan is an inseparatable part of China’s territory”,reached an understanding on the abrogation of the“Japan-Taiwan Peace Treaty”and the way to handle Japan-Taiwan relations and realized the normalization of diplomatic relations on this basis.However,in the complex international environment and the domestic political situation in Japan,the normalization of china-japan diplomatic relations has not solved all the problems between the two countries.Since then,under the influence of its domestic political and strategic interests,Japan has acted from time to time to dishonor the agreement and violate the purpose and spirit of the Joint Statement,which has repeatedly highlighted the“Taiwan Question”between China and Japan.Since the China-Japan Joint Statement does not touch on the Japan-U.S.security system and the“Taiwan clause”,it leaves room for Japan to intervene in the situation across the Taiwan Strait by strengthening Japan-U.S.military cooperation.Japan’s Taiwan-related policies are dominated by“compound logic”.In view of the fact that it cannot directly challenge the Sino-Japanese Joint Statement,Japan takes the application of the Japan-U.S.security system as an important way to intervene in the Taiwan Question.With the change of the international situation,the common interest of Japan and the U.S.to“use Taiwan to counterbalance China”increases,and the adjustment of relevant domestic legal system,Japan’s motivation and ability to intervene in the Taiwan Question are undoubtedly on the rise.