俄日关系:基于俄罗斯独立三十年对日政策的战略安全考量

Russia-Japan Relations:Strategic and Security Considerations Based on Russia’s Policy towards Japan in the Thirty Years since Russia’s Independence

二战已结束70多年,俄日尚未解决领土问题,未签订和平条约。二战后俄日所确立的是非制度性的安全关系,两国相互认同也建立在既非敌人,也非伙伴的关系上。美日同盟强化和机制不断加强的美国“印太战略”,使俄日相互关系构建受到巨大影响。俄罗斯独立三十年来,俄日关系具有亲西方寻求领土问题突破,恢复大国地位寻求签署和约与日本“边谈边防”均衡发展关系,以及“印太战略”加强背景下俄关锁领土问题与日本政治关系僵持三个特点。鉴于日本协助美国实施“印太战略”以及追求有利于日本在亚太地区秩序中的权重,俄日关系将长期维持这种既非战争,也非和平的关系。本文总结俄罗斯独立三十年以来俄日关系的特点,分析俄罗斯在远东地区的战略安全利益,从安全观和大国互动的安全体系角度探讨俄罗斯战略安全变化对俄日关系发展的影响。

Over 70 years after the end of World War II,Russia and Japan have not yet resolved territorial issues or signed peace treaty.The security relationship between the two countries established after World War II is a non-institutional one.The mutual recognition between Russia and Japan is also based on the relationship that is neither enemy nor partner.The relationship between Russia and Japan has been and will be greatly affected in the future.In the past 30 years since Russia’s independence,Russia-Japan relations have three characteristics:pro-Western seeking a breakthrough in territorial issues,recovering its status as a great power seeking to sign a peace treaty with Japan,and“negotiating while keep defense again each other”balanced development of relations,and Russia locking up territorial issues and political relations with Japan under the background of strengthening the Indo-Pacific strategy.In view of Japan’s assistance to the United States in the realization of the Indo-Pacific strategy and the pursuit of Japan’s weight in the asia-pacific order,Russia-Japan relations will remain neither war nor peace for a long time.The article summarizes the characteristics of Russia-Japan relations in the 30 years since the independence of Russia,analyzes the strategic security interests in the Russian Far East,and discusses the influence of the changes of Russia’s strategic security on the development of Russia-Japan relations from the perspective of security concept and the security system of great power interaction.