新高考背景下普通高中“走班制”政策研究——基于19个省份政策文本的分析

Research on"Optional Class System"Policy for General High Schools under the Background of the New College Entrance Examination——Based on the Analysis of 19 Provinces'Policy Texts

选课走班逐渐成为新高考改革下普通高中教学的主流形式。研究运用文本分析法,从政策内容、政策工具等方面,对我国19个省份的36份关于"走班制"政策文本进行分析,发现有关"走班制"的政策内容包括执行新课程标准、加强学生指导、创新教学管理制度、强化教育资源保障、推进教师队伍建设、强化监督检查等。总体上,走班教学实践先于政策出台,但国家层面政策支撑力不足,政策工具使用全面但各类工具使用不均衡,具体措施系统但部分政策缺乏可操作性。因此,需要尽快出台国家层面走班制专门政策文件,完善相关管理细则,均衡使用政策工具,提高"走班制"政策的可操作性。

Under the new college entrance examination reform,optional class system has gradually become the mainstream form of general high school teaching.The study uses the text analysis method to analyze 36 policy texts on the"optional class system"in 19 provinces and cities from two dimensions:policy content and policy tools.The analysis found that the policy content related to the"optional class system"includes the implementation of new curriculum standards,strengthening students’guidance,innovating teaching management systems,strengthening the guarantee of educational resources,promoting construction of teachers,strengthening supervision and inspection.Generally speaking,the practice of optional class system precedes the policy issunace,but the national policy support is insufficient;the use of policy tools is comprehensive but the use of various tools is unbalanced;the specific measures are systematic but some policies lack operability.Therefore,it is necessary to issue specialized policies at the national level for optional class system as soon as possible,complete relevant management rules,use policy tools in a balanced manner,and improve the operability of optional class system policies.