黄炎培与陶行知劳动教育思想比较及启示——基于NVivo12.0的编码分析

Comparison and Enlightenment of Labor Education Thoughts between Huang Yanpei and Tao Xingzhi

黄炎培和陶行知作为我国近现代教育史上具有代表性的教育家,大量的教育实践形成了他们各自的劳动教育思想,认为劳动教育对人的全面发展具有一定的理论及现实意义。论文运用NVivo12.0软件从劳动教育目标、劳动教育内容、劳动教育途径三个方面研究了两者劳动教育思想的异同点。研究表明,两者都认同劳动教育的目标包括学习劳动知识、掌握劳动技能、学会互相合作、体认劳动价值和树立健康人格。劳动教育内容涵盖了生产劳动教育、日常劳动教育和服务性劳动教育。劳动教育途径包括学校教育、与生产劳动相结合。但两者又各有偏重。黄炎培的劳动教育目标更侧重于每一个人得到提升,树立健康人格;陶行知更关注增强独立谋生能力,掌握劳动技能。黄炎培提倡劳动教育内容更多体现在生产劳动教育,陶行知则认为更多体现在日常劳动教育。黄炎培主张做中学,更注重学校教育;陶行知强调要与生产劳动相结合。这些分析为职业院校开展劳动教育提供了一定启示。

As representative educators in the history of modern education in my country,Huang Yanpei and Tao Xingzhi have formed their respective labor education thoughts through a large number of educational practices.They believe that labor education has certain theoretical and practical significance for people's all-round development.The thesis uses NVivo12.0 software to study the similarities and differences of their labor education ideas from three aspects:labor education objectives,labor education contents and labor education ways.The research shows that both agree with the objectives of labor education,including learning labor knowledge,mastering labor skills,learning to cooperate with each other,recognizing labor value and establishing healthy personality.Labor education content covers production labor education,daily labor education and service labor education.The ways of labor education include school education and the combination with productive labor.But both have their own biases.Huang Yanpei's goal of labor education focuses more on everyone's promotion and establishing a healthy personality;Tao Xingzhi pays more attention to enhancing his ability to make a living independently and mastering labor skills.Huang Yanpei advocates that the content of labor education is more reflected in production labor education,while Tao Xingzhi believes that it is more reflected in daily labor education.Huang Yanpei advocates learning by doing and pays more attention to school education;Tao Xingzhi stressed the need to combine with productive labor.These analyses provide some enlightenment for vocational colleges to carry out labor education.