壶铃训练对老年女性肌肉减少症患者的影响

Effect of kettlebell training on elderly women with sarcopenia

目的研究壶铃训练对老年女性肌肉减少症患者的肌肉力量、肺功能和慢性低度炎症标志物的影响。方法选取2018年12月至2019年12月于南阳市中心医院接受治疗的200例患有肌肉减少症并具有完整随访记录的女性患者,按照随机抽签法分为观察组和对照组。其中观察组100例[年龄(65.57±2.95)岁、体质量(66.83±7.48)kg]行壶铃训练治疗8周;对照组100例[年龄(66.12±3.57)岁、体质量(67.65±6.66)kg]无壶铃训练治疗。对比两组身体组成成分、肌肉力量、肺功能和慢性低度炎症标志物水平。计量资料组间比较用独立样本t检验,组内比较用配对样本t检验;计数资料采用χ^(2)检验。结果观察组在训练前、训练后第8周、停止后第4周的体质量、骨骼肌质量损失(SMM)、内脏脂肪面积、四肢骨骼肌(ASM)、用力肺活量(FVC)与对照组对比,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。观察组在训练后第8周、停止后第4周的肌肉减少指数明显高于对照组[(5.65±0.16)分比(5.39±0.21)分,(5.66±0.16)分比(5.37±0.17)分],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组在训练后第8周的左手柄、右手柄、背部力量、呼气流量峰值(PEF)明显高于对照组[(21.15±2.20)kg比(16.27±2.25)kg,(21.10±2.45)kg比(16.11±2.56)kg,(51.95±5.34)kg比(46.36±6.43)kg,(5.86±0.69)L/s比(5.09±0.45)L/s],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);观察组在停止训练后第4周的背部力量、PEF明显高于对照组[(51.94±5.23)kg比(46.43±6.63)kg,(5.85±0.68)L/s比(5.09±0.49)L/s],差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。观察组的白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)在训练前、训练后第8周、停止后第4周与对照组相比,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论8周壶铃训练有助于提升老年女性肌肉减少症患者的肌肉力量,增加握力、背部力量,改善肺功能,降低慢性低度炎症。

Objective To study the effects of kettlebell training on muscle strength,lung function,and chronic low-grade inflammatory markers in elderly women with sarcopenia.Methods A total of 200 female patients with sarcopenia who received treatment in Nanyang City Center Hospital from December 2018 to December 2019 with complete follow-up records were selected and were divided into an observation group and a control group by the random drawing.Among them,100 patients of the observation group[age(65.57±2.95)years old and body weight(66.83±7.48)kg]received kettlebell training for 8 weeks,and 100 patients of the control group[age(66.12±3.57)years old and body weight(67.65±6.66)kg]were treated without kettlebell training.The body composition,muscle strength,lung function,and chronic low-grade inflammatory markers levels were compared between the two groups.Independent sample t test was used for inter-group comparison of measurement data,paired t test was used for intra-group comparison of measurement data,andχ^(2) test was used for count data.Results There were no statistically significant differences in the body mass,skeletal muscle mass loss(SMM),visceral fat area,appendicular skeletal muscle(ASM),or forced vital capacity(FVC)between the observation group and the control group before training,at the 8th week after training,and at the 4th week after cessation(all P>0.05).The muscle reduction index of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group at the 8th week after training and the 4th week after cessation[(5.65±0.16)points vs.(5.39±0.21)points,(5.66±0.16)points vs.(5.37±0.17)points],with statistically significant differences(both P<0.05).The left hand gandle,right hand gandle,back strength,and peak expiratory flow(PEF)in the observation group at the 8th week after training were significantly higher than those in the control group[(21.15±2.20)kg vs.(16.27±2.25)kg,(21.10±2.45)kg vs.(16.11±2.56)kg,(51.95±5.34)kg vs.(46.36±6.43)kg,(5.86±0.69)L/s vs.(5.09±0.45)L/s],with statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).The back strength and PEF of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group at the 4th week after cessation[(51.94±5.23)kg vs.(46.43±6.63)kg,(5.85±0.68)L/s vs.(5.09±0.49)L/s],with statistically significant differences(both P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the levels of interleukin-6(IL-6)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNFα)between the observation group and the control group before training,at the 8th week after training,and at the 4th week after cessation(all P>0.05).Conclusion Eight-week kettlebell training helps to improve the muscle strength of elderly women with sarcopenia,increase the grip strength and back strength,improve the lung function,and reduce the chronic low-grade inflammation.