生态位视角下城市轨道交通建设适宜度评价

Evaluation of Urban Rail Transit Construction Fitness Based on Niche Theory

为了确保城市轨道交通建设与城市发展相匹配,结合轨道交通建设过程中的生态学特征,借鉴生态位理论,从生存维、发展维2个维度构建了城市轨道交通建设适宜度评价指标体系,并根据生态位适宜度理论,基于欧式距离法和熵权法提出了城市轨道交通建设适宜度评价方法。通过对我国27个城市的轨道交通建设适宜度进行计算和分类,深入剖析了城市轨道交通建设差异。结果表明:出行需求、经济水平和土地开发3类指标是影响城市轨道交通建设适宜度的主要因素;当城市轨道交通建设生存维评价得分小于0.1985时,发展维对建设适宜度影响较小;当生存维评价得分大于0.2076时,发展维对建设适宜度影响较大。

In order to ensure urban rail transit construction match urban development,combined with the ecological characteristics in the process of rail transit construction,a fitness evaluation index system of ur-ban rail transit construction was constructed from the two dimensions of survival and development refer-encing niche theory.According to niche-fitness theory,the fitness evaluation method of urban rail transit construction was proposed based on the Euclidean distance method and the Entropy method.Through the calculation and classification of the fitness of rail transit construction in 27 cities in China,the differences in urban rail transit construction were deeply analyzed.The research results show that:travel demand,eco-nomic level and land development are the main factors affecting the fitness of urban rail transit con-struction;when the survival dimension evaluation score of urban rail transit construction is less than 0.1985,the development dimension has little impact on the construction fitness;when the survival di-mension evaluation score of urban rail transit construction is more than 0.2076,the development di-mension has a great influence on the construction fitness.