创新韧性对高技术产业创新的影响机制与特征研究

Research on the Influence Mechanism and Characteristics of Innovation Resilience on High-tech Industry Innovation

提出创新韧性的概念,认为创新韧性是创新面临外部冲击时保持系统稳定甚至进化为更高创新水平的能力,并以高技术产业为研究对象,探究创新韧性对高技术产业创新的影响机制,分析创新韧性对创新产出的影响大小、特征、规律。利用高技术产业数据,通过面板数据模型、面板门槛模型实证研究创新韧性与高技术产业创新产出的关系。结果表明,当前我国创新韧性对创新产出存在积极贡献;创新韧性与创新产出呈倒U型关系,创新韧性中等时对创新产出的影响最大;低创新产出下,创新韧性负向影响创新产出;创新韧性的弹性系数随研发经费、研发人员增加先减小后增大,中等研发投入时,创新韧性对创新产出的影响最小。

At present,China is under the dual influence of the internal environment change from rapid economic development to high quality economic development and the external uncertain impact of COVID-19 spreading,superimposed with trade protectionism and Sino-US trade friction.Innovation is the internal driving force for upgrading the core competitiveness of enterprises,and it is also the power source for the sustained development of the national economy under external shocks.Then how should we do to deal with the adverse effects of external shocks,stabilize the innovation system and maintain sustainable development?The research on resilience provides a new perspective to solve this problem.The resilience theory emphasizes optimizing the system's resistance and balance ability to external shocks and promoting system evolution.Currently research on innovation resilience is scarce.The theoretical and applied research on innovation resilience is still in a blank state,and there is no relevant theoretical system and research framework.There are huge gaps to be filled in the research on innovation resilience.What is innovation resilience and how to define it?How to measure innovation resilience?How does innovation resilience affect innovation?What is the relationship between innovation resilience and innovation output?This paper takes the innovation of China's high-tech industry as the research object to study the above problems.Based on the review of resilience related theories and literature,this paper determines the common cognitive resilience characteristics recognized by most scholars from the perspective of resilience evolution.Firstly,it defines the concept of"innovation resilience"as the ability of innovation to resist external shocks,maintain system stability,recover and even evolve to a higher level.Secondly,there are two ways to measure resilience:comprehensive index method and core variable method.With high-tech industry as the research object,for high-tech industry innovation system,innovation resilience is reflected in the impact of external shocks on innovation activities of innovation system,and core variable method can truly reflect the actual impact on innovation.Based on the research measurement method proposed by Martin in 2019,the sales revenue of new products to measure the effect of innovation activities is selected as the core variable.Then,taking the high-tech industry as the research object,this paper analyzes the impact of innovation resilience on the innovation process of high-tech industry and the impact mechanism of innovation resilience on innovation output.It holds that the strength difference of innovation toughness leads to different development trends of innovation process after external impact.The innovation process of innovation system with strong toughness can often recover quickly or even be evolved to a higher level under external impact.In the impact mechanism of innovation resilience on innovation output,there are both positive and negative mechanisms.The positive mechanism includes investment compensation effect,innovation agglomeration effect,resource allocation effect,innovation environment optimization and knowledge accumulation effect.The negative mechanism includes cost accumulation effect,technology competition effect and knowledge crowding effect.Using high-tech industry data,this paper studies the linear effect of innovation resilience and innovation output through panel data model,and uses panel threshold model to study the output threshold effect,self threshold effect,time threshold effect,R&D fund threshold effect and R&D personnel threshold effect of innovation resilience on innovation output.The results show that firstly the current innovation resilience has a positive contribution to innovation output;secondly,there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between innovation resilience and innovation output.Medium innovation resilience has the greatest impact on innovation output;thirdly,innovation resilience negatively affects innovation output under low innovation output;fourthly,the elasticity coefficient of innovation resilience first decreases and then increases with the increase of R&D funds and R&D personnel.When the R&D investment is medium,the impact of innovation resilience on innovation output is the lowest.Besides we also need to strengthen the positive impact of innovation resilience on innovation output starting from the following aspects.The first step is to increase R&D investment.The data distribution shows that at present,China's R&D investment is mostly at the medium funding threshold,and the impact of resilience on output is low.Only by continuously increasing R&D investment can we improve its positive impact.The next is to coordinate the allocation of R&D personnel and improve the identity of R&D personnel.When there are few R&D personnel,they have a strong sense of honor and good innovation performance.At this time,resilience has a high impact on output.The third is to accelerate the agglomeration of high-tech industries.The advantages of talents,knowledge and resources brought by agglomeration produce positive external effects such as innovation agglomeration effect,resource allocation effect and knowledge accumulation effect;The fourth is to optimize the innovation environment.A good innovation environment enhances the stickiness of knowledge,talents and other elements,makes it easier to produce innovation agglomeration,strengthens the resistance to innovation and improves innovation toughness.