交际能力培养目标推动下汉语口语测试的标准取向——基于英国高中生IBDP测试语料的分析

Orientation of the Oral Chinese Test Driven by Communicative Competence:An Analysis Based on IBDP Test Corpus of British High-school Students

随着交际能力成为世界各国语言教育培养的主要目标,汉语尤其是汉语口语测试在海外国民教育体系下的测试取向,是国际中文教育需要关注的。基于收集英国高中学生在IBDP初级中文口语测试中的语料及对应的成绩和评语,通过语料抽样分析、语料与成绩的对应分析、IBDP评价标准与考官评语对照分析,探究其口语测试取向。研究发现,IBDP汉语口语测试既有语言知识层面的考查,也有交际层面的评估,总体上语言知识的测量是让位于交际的,凸显了交际能力培养取向。这种基于综合性评价的交际语言测试模式对汉语测试的国际推广有重要的借鉴意义。

As communicative competence has become the main goal of language education in all countries in the world,it is necessary for us to pay attention to the test orientation of Chinese,especially spoken Chinese,under the overseas national education system.This study collects the corpus and corresponding scores and comments of British high-school students in the IBDP ab initio oral Chinese assessment to explore their oral test orientation through corpus sampling analysis,corpus and score correspondence analysis,IBDP evaluation criteria and the comparison analysis of the examiner comments.It is found that the IBDP ab initio oral Chinese assessment has both the linguistic knowledge level and the communicative level evaluation,but the measurement of language knowledge gives way to communication,reflecting a kind of communicative competence orientation.This communicative language test model based on a comprehensive evaluation has great reference significance for the international promotion of the Chinese test.