两种压力固定技术对原矛头蝮蛇咬伤后患肢肿胀的影响

Clinical Effects of Two Pressure Immobilization Technique on Limb Swelling Caused by Protobothrops Mucrosquamatus Bites

目的探讨两种压力固定技术对原矛头蝮蛇咬伤后患肢肿胀的影响,为临床工作者更准确地应用压力固定技术提供参考。方法2019年3月至2020年12月,采用便利抽样选取某三级甲等医院急诊外科收治的原矛头蝮蛇咬伤患者95例为研究对象,按住院号单双号将其分为对照组(n=46)和观察组(n=49)。在急诊预检分诊处,对照组给予常规压力绷带固定,而观察组给予压力垫固定。两组患者均采用常规治疗与护理方案。比较两组患者入院时、固定后24 h患肢肿胀情况、疼痛及舒适度评分。结果两组患者入院时患肢肿胀情况(范围、程度)、疼痛、舒适度等评分差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。固定后24 h,除对照组舒适度低于入院时(P<0.05)外,两组患者的其余指标均优于入院时(均P<0.05);且对照组肿胀范围评分优于观察组(P<0.05);而观察组疼痛及舒适度评分均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论两种压力固定技术对改善原矛头蝮蛇咬伤患者的患肢肿胀程度效果相当,但压力绷带法改善患肢肿胀范围的效果更好,而压力垫法更舒适。

Objective To observe the effect of two kinds of pressure immobilization technique on protobothrops mucrosquamatus bitten by the influence of limb swelling.Methods From March 2019 to December 2020,95 patients with protobothrops mucrosquamatus bite were selected from the Emergency Department of a tertiary A hospital.According to the method of random number table,they were divided into control group(n=46)and observation group(n=49).Each group was fixed with the corresponding pressure immobilization method at the emergency triage,routine treatment and nursing plan were adopted in each group.After 24 hours,the limb swelling range,swelling degree and comfort status of the patients in the two groups were compared.Results There were no significant differences in the swelling(range and degree),pain and comfort scores of the affected limb between 2 groups at admission(all P>0.05).24 h after immobilization,the comfort level of the control group was lower than that on admission(P<0.05),but other indexes of the two groups were better than that on admission(all P<0.05).The swelling range score of the control group was better than that of the observation group(P<0.05).The pain and comfort scores of the observation group were better than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05 or P<0.01).Conclusions Two pressure immobilization techniques had the same effect on improving the swelling degree,the pressure bandage method is better in terms of improving the swelling range,and the pressure pad method is more comfortable.