论产品标准对监督抽查结果的影响及对策——以非医用口罩为例

The Influence of Product Standards on the Result of Supervision and Spot Check and Countermeasures—Taking Non-medical Masks as an Example

全国市场监管部门每年花费数量不菲的经费进行产品质量监督抽查,其检验结论严重依赖产品所执行的标准和监督抽查实施细则。当同一类产品执行不同标准的技术指标差异较大时,监督抽查的检验结果会出现不合理的现象,进而影响监督抽查的目的实现。新冠疫情突发以来,对非医用防护口罩的抽检就是有力的例证,落实违反《标准化法》的责任存在不少困难和疑惑。因此,明确标准适用和标准技术指标下限,加大自主公开的团体标准、企业标准的监督抽查批次,加大信用惩戒、行政处罚力度,开展正向激励机制和合标认证制度是解决标准制定和实施的可行方法。

The market regulation departments across the nation spend a large amount of expenditure on the supervision and random inspection of product quality every year. The inspection conclusions depend heavily on the standards implemented in the products and the implementation rules of supervision spot check. When there is a big difference in technical indicators of various standards implemented in the same class of products, some unreasonable situations regarding the inspection results of the supervision spot check will be presented which could affect the realization of the purpose of supervision and spot check. Sampling of non-medical protective masks is a notable example since the outbreak of COVID-19. There are many difficulties and doubts in implementing the administrative responsibility for violating the Standardization Law of China. Therefore, defining the bottom line of standard technical indicators, increasing the number of public supervision spot checks on association standards and enterprise standards, strengthening credit punishments and administrative punishments, and establishing positive incentive mechanism and certification system of product quality are feasible approaches to the problems of developing and implementing standards.