索利·祖克曼:英国政府首席科学顾问制度的先驱

Solly Zuckerman:A Pioneer of the Government Chief Scientific Adviser System in the UK

索利·祖克曼被认为是二十一世纪最重要的科学家之一,他在公共政策相关领域的工作尤为突出,影响深远。祖克曼原是一位动物学家,在1939年二战爆发后进入政府转型为军事顾问,就战时军事计划建言献策,曾参与诺曼底登陆计划的分析工作,为盟军将领选择正确的作战方案提供了支撑。战争结束后,祖克曼继续担任多个政府机构的科学顾问,并成为英国第一任政府首席科学顾问,使“政府首席科学顾问”从历史上临时性的私人聘用转变为制度化的工作职位,成为政府决策过程的核心组成部分。

Solly Zuckerman is considered to be one of the most important scientists in the 21st century.His work in the field of public policy is particularly prominent and far-reaching.Zuckerman,a former zoologist,came to the government after World War II began in 1939 to give science advice on wartime affairs.His analysis provided important evidence for General Eisenhower to make the right plan and achieve success in the landing of the Allied Forces in Normandy.After the war,Zuckerman continued to serve as a scientific adviser to many government agencies and became the first Government Chief Scientific Adviser(GCSA)to the British government,making the GCSA a core part of government’s decision-making process from temporary private employment in history to institutionalized position.