建设项目时间领导对工人安全行为的影响机制研究

Influence mechanism of temporal leadership on workers’ safety behaviors in construction projects

为探索建设项目团队或班组领导风格对工人安全行为的作用,基于已有文献和工作要求-资源(JD-R)模型,构建了时间领导对工人安全行为的影响机制模型。基于535份项目安全管理者或施工班组长与建筑工人的领导-员工配对数据,运用回归分析和Bootstrap法进行直接效应和中介效应检验。结果表明:安全意识、工作专注与工人安全行为存在正相关;来自安全管理者或班组长的时间领导对工人安全行为的直接作用不显著;工作专注在时间领导与工人安全行为之间发挥了中介作用;安全意识和工作专注在时间领导与工人安全行为之间共同发挥链式中介作用,即时间领导行为会提高工人的安全意识,进而增加工作专注度,从而提升工人安全行为。结果验证了时间领导风格在安全管理中的有效性,揭示了时间领导影响安全行为的作用路径,突出了安全意识和工作专注的关键作用。

To improve the safety behaviors of construction workers,this paper explores the influence mechanism of temporal leadership on the safety behaviors of construction workers.By this study,new ideas are expected to be offered for safety management at the construction sites.The chain mediation model is established based on previous findings and the Job Demands-Resources(JD-R) model to illustrate the impact of temporal leadership on safety behaviors via safety consciousness and attentiveness.By adopting the leader-employee paired sampling approach and the scales of temporal leadership,safety consciousness,attentiveness,and safety behaviors,we collect 535 leader-employee matching data from safety managers,team leaders,and workers.Then,the direct and indirect effects are examined by regression analysis and bootstrap method using SPSS and PROCESS macro.The results indicate that both safety consciousness and attentiveness are positively related to safety behaviors.However,the direct effect of temporal leadership from safety managers or team leaders on workers’ safety behaviors is insignificant.Temporal leadership could also indirectly influence construction workers’ safety behaviors through two paths(i.e.,the independent mediation of attention at work and the chain mediation of safety consciousness and attentiveness).These findings(1) verify the effectiveness of the temporal leadership style in the realm of safety management,(2) unveil the influencing path of temporal leadership on safety behaviors,(3) highlight the key roles of safety consciousness and attentiveness;and(4) provide the new perspectives of shaping temporal leader and increasing work engagement for the safety management at construction sites.Hence,it is necessary to shape the style of temporal leadership and enhance the education and training for safety managers at construction sites.Besides the proper training of safety consciousness for construction workers,the essential support should be provided to increase their levels of work engagement to gradually facilitate their safety behaviors.