The type specimens of European butterflies from the Linnaeus collection(Lepidoptera:Rhopalocera)

林奈收藏的欧洲蝴蝶模式标本(鳞翅目:锤角亚目)

The status of primary types of European butterflies established by C.Linnaeus is revised.Lectotype status is confirmed for 38 taxa.Lectotypes of the following taxa are designated in this paper:Papilio apollo Linnaeus,1758;P.daplidice Linnaeus,1758 and P.palaeno Linnaeus,1761.For the following 18 species-group taxa,the status of primary types changed from lectotypes to holotypes(by monotypy)due to their presence in the Linnean collection by single specimens:Papilio aglaja Linnaeus,1758;P.atalanta Linnaeus,1758;P.boeticus Linnaeus,1767;P.cardui Linnaeus,1758;P.cinxia Linnaeus,1758;P.deianira Linnaeus,1764;P.euphrosyne Linnaeus,1758;P.hero Linnaeus,1761;P.janira Linnaeus,1758;P.jurtina Linnaeus,1758;P.lathonia Linnaeus,1758;P.levana Linnaeus,1758;P.megera Linnaeus,1767;P.paphia Linnaeus,1758;P.polychloros Linnaeus,1758;P.rhamni Linnaeus,1758;P.rubi Linnaeus,1758 and P.sinapis Linnaeus,1758.Butterflies that do not have a pronounced sexual dimorphism and bright and contrasting coloration in the Linnean collection are represented in most cases by a single type specimen.The largest,brightest and most beautiful butterflies in the Linnean collection have a type series of the maximum size(4 specimens).There are no series of 5 or more specimens for European butterflies in Linnaeus’collection.

修订了林奈(C.Linnaeus)建立的欧洲蝴蝶原始模式标本的地位。确认了38个分类单元的选模地位。本文为以下分类单元指定了选模:Papilio apollo Linnaeus,1758;P.daplidice Linnaeus,1758和P.palaenoLinnaeus,1761。对以下18个物种,由于它们在林奈收藏中仅以单个标本存在,其原始模式标本地位(根据独模原则)从选模改为正模:PapilioaglajaLinnaeus,1758;P.atalantaLinnaeus,1758;P.boeticus Linnaeus,1767;P.cardui Linnaeus,1758;P.cinxia Linnaeus,1758;P.deianira Linnaeus,1764;P.euphrosyne Linnaeus,1758;P.hero Linnaeus,1761;P.janira Linnaeus,1758;P.jurtina Linnaeus,1758;P.lathonia Linnaeus,1758;P.levana Linnaeus,1758;P.megera Linnaeus,1767;P.paphia Linnaeus,1758;P.polychlorosLinnaeus,1758;P.rhamniLinnaeus,1758;P.rubiLinnaeus,1758和P.sinapis Linnaeus,1758。在林奈收藏中没有明显性二型和鲜艳色彩对比的蝴蝶在多数情况下仅有单个模式标本,而最大、最鲜艳、最美丽的蝴蝶都有一系列模式标本(最多4头标本),但不存在5个或更多的标本。