我国地方标准矛盾作用、演进历程和改革研究

The Contradictory Role, Evolution Process and Reform Path of China’s Local Standards

地方标准作为我国市场体系中特有的一种规则,在地方经济社会发展的过程中表现出了诸多作用相互矛盾的问题。本文通过提炼其主要的矛盾表现,梳理了地方标准的演进历程,认为地方标准发展的行政性分权特征是其演进的核心逻辑和矛盾根源,而已有促进地方标准更加开放和区域地方标准协同的改进方式无法消除地方标准存在的根本问题。建议采取系统性举措,深入推进我国标准体系以及标准化管理体制改革,推动地方政府从命令控制式地运用地方标准,转变为市场和社会主体运用其自主制定的标准开展创新活动和自我监管营造良好环境,畅通满足地方标准化需求的渠道,从与市场和社会的合作中确立监管标准。

As a unique type of standard in China’s market system, local standards have shown many contradictory functions in the process of local economic and social development. This article refines its main contradictions and presents the evolution of local standards, and concludes that the administrative decentralization of local standards development is the core logic of its evolution, and the existing improvement methods that promote more open local standards and regional local standards coordination cannot eliminate the fundamental problems of local standards. It is recommended to take systematic measures to further advance the reform of China’s standards system and standardization management system, and to promote local governments from using local standards in a command-and-control manner to creating a sound institutional environment for market and social entities using their own standards in innovative activities and self-regulation, smooth channels to meet local standardization needs, and set regulatory standards from cooperation with the market and society.