世贸组织争端解决机制25年:辉煌、困境与出路

25th Anniversary of WTO Dispute Settlement Mechanism:Glories,Dilemmas and the Outlets

随着新冠肺炎疫情的蔓延,加强国际合作的重要性愈发凸显。回顾世贸组织成立25年来,争端解决机制的创新性提出为和平解决国际争端做出了突出贡献。文章在分析争端解决机制的多重内在制衡原理的基础上,分析了争端解决机制运转高效性以及裁决稳定性的突出特点。然后针对上诉机构成员遴选程序遭到否决这一问题,分析了由此引发的争端解决机制乃至世贸组织的整体危机,并对该危机产生的原因进行了梳理,提出了恢复与重建上诉机构、改革争端解决机制的参考建议。

With the spread of COVID-19 pandemic,the importance of strengthening international cooperation has become even greater. In the25 years since the establishment of the WTO,innovativeness of dispute settlement mechanism has made outstanding contributions to the peaceful settlement of international disputes. Based on the analysis of the multiple internal balance principle of dispute settlement mechanism,this paper analyzes the outstanding characteristics of high efficiency and stability of dispute settlement mechanism. Then,in view of the rejection of the Appellate Body members selection procedure,this paper analyzes the crisis of dispute settlement mechanism and even the whole crisis of WTO caused by this problem,analyzes the causes of the crisis,and puts forward some reference suggestions for restoring and rebuilding the Appellate Body and reforming the dispute settlement mechanism.