基于丙烯酸酯树脂的无铜自抛光防污涂料研制

Development of Copper-free Self-polishing Anti-fouling Paints by Using Acrylate Resin

目的合成侧链上含杀菌官能团的丙烯酸酯树脂,研究开发一种基于该树脂的无铜线性自抛光防污涂料。方法首先采用自由基聚合、梯度降温法,制备具有线性溶蚀性能的丙烯酸酯树脂,然后以卤虫为受试生物,筛选广谱、高效、符合国际环保法规要求、成本低的无铜防污剂体系,最后通过防污涂层抛光性能测试、浅海浸泡试验进行涂料配方研究,并对其基本性能进行表征。结果丙烯酸酯树脂的重均分子量约为21829 Daltons、数据分子量约为11872 Daltons、PDI分散系数约为1.84时,可基本实现线性溶蚀,溶蚀速率满足制备防污涂料的要求,且在防污涂料中的最佳添加量约为20%,平均抛光速率约为4.73μm/month。无铜防污剂体系为吡啶硫酮锌(ZPT)与Tralopyril防污剂按质量比3∶5复配,杀生效果达到93.4%左右,在保证杀生效果的基础上,实现成本控制,在防污涂料中的添加量达到12%时,即可满足防污要求。在综合考虑涂料良好的力学性能、施工性能、贮存稳定性能等基础上,确定防污涂料的基础配方。结论制备的无铜自抛光防污涂料,经浅海浸泡试验验证,防污性能优异,且挥发性有机物的质量浓度约为335 g/L,符合国家对涂料产品征收消费税和环保税的政策导向。

This work aims to synthesize a hydrolytic polishing acrylic resin with bactericidal functional groups in the side chain and develop a copper free linear self-polishing antifouling coating based on the resin.The acrylic resin with linear hydrolytic polishing property was prepared by free radical polymerization and gradient cooling method.Then,artemia was selected and used as a test organism to screen a copper free antifouling agent system with broad spectrum,high efficiency,compliance with international environmental protection regulations and low cost.Finally,the formulation of antifouling coating was investigated by polishing performance test and shallow sea immersion test,and basic performance was characterized.The results showed that when the weight average molecular weight of acrylic resin was about 21829,the data molecular weight was about 11872,and the PDI dispersion coefficient was about 1.84,the linear dissolution could be basically realized,and the dissolution rate could meet the requirements of preparing antifouling coatings.The optimal addition amount in the antifouling coating was about 20%,and the average polishing rate was about 4.73μm/month.The copper free antifouling agent system was composed of ZPT and Tralopyril antifouling agent with a ratio of 3∶5,and its germicidal effect reached about 93.4%.On the basis of ensuring the germicidal effect,the cost control could be realized,and the antifouling requirements could also be met when the dosage of antifouling coating attained 12%.Based on the comprehensive consideration of the good physical and mechanical properties,construction performance and storage stability of the coating,the basic formula of the antifouling coating was determined.The prepared copper free self-polishing antifouling coating has excellent antifouling performance after verified by shallow water immersion test.Its VOC content is about 335 g/L,which is in line with the national policy orientation of levying consumption tax and environmental protection tax on coating products.