土屯制度下杂谷五屯地区的民族交往、交流和交融研究

A Research on the Communication and Integration of Zagu Area under the Policy of Stationed Troops

永乐五年(1407),明朝中央政府设立杂谷安抚司,治所在今四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州理县。在土司制度时期,杂谷土司辖区首次由"外化"迈入中央"内属"的管理体系,与内地建立起了一定的联系。随着改土归屯政策的实施,杂谷地区的职官制度、百姓的生计方式等均发生了系列变化,直接或间接关系到杂谷屯、甘堡屯、上孟董屯、下孟董屯和九子屯等五屯与内地的一体化进程。值得指出的是,明清中央政府与杂谷地区羌、藏少数民族通过土司制度实现了有效的双向互动,这种良性的双向互动在实施土屯制度后得以延续,进一步促进了少数民族地区与内地社会经济、文化的交往、交流与交融。

In the fifth year of the reign of Yongle Emperor of the Ming Dynasty(1407), the central government of the Ming Dynasty established Zagu Pacification Commission in Li County, Aba Prefecture, Sichuan Province. Under the chieftain system, the marginalized Zagu was first brought into the management system of the central government and established a certain relationship with the mainland. With the implementation of the policy of stationed troops, a series of changes have taken place in the official system and the livelihood of the people in Zagu area, which speeded up the process of integration between five Tun in Zagu area(Zagu Tun, Ganbao Tun, Shangmengdong Tun, Xiamengdong Tun and Jiuzi Tun) and the mainland. It is worth pointing out that the central government of the Ming and Qing dynasties and the minorities in Zagu area realized effective two-way interaction through the chieftain system, and this benign two-way interaction continued after the implementation of the policy of stationed troops, which also further promoted the social, economic and cultural exchanges between ethnic minority areas and the mainland.