藏族青壮年农牧民国家通用语言文字能力提升的教育对策——以甘孜藏族自治州为例

Educational Strategies to Improve the National Common Language Ability of Young Tibetan Farmers and Herdsmen——Taking Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture as an Example

国家通用语言文字是中华民族精神文化的载体,国家通用语言文字教育作为我国国民教育的重要组成部分,是凝结中华民族共同体意识的根本力量。民族地区少数民族群体国家通用语言文字的学习和应用能力是我国语言文字事业的重点工作,但甘孜藏族自治州国家通用语言文字教育工作仍然存在对青壮年农牧民通用语教育支持不够、教育体系不健全、学习资源有限、农牧民学习主动性不足等困境。本文通过探讨甘孜藏族自治州青壮年农牧民国家通用语言文字的使用现状,归纳概括其现有水平、语言态度和学习需求,提出藏族青壮年农牧民的国家通用语言文字能力的教育对策,即完善民族地区国家通用语言文字教育的管理机制,创新教育形式,建立教育资源保障体系,激发学习动机等,以期推进藏族青壮年农牧民国家通用语言文字教育工作,提升民族间的交往交融,塑造共同的文化意识。

The national common language is the carrier of Chinese culture. As a crucial part of national education in China, the national common language education has special significance for the construction of national identity. At present, popularizing national common language in ethnic regions is the focus in China. However, the education of the national common language in Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture still has some difficulties, such as insufficient supports, incomplete education system, limited learning resources, and lack of learning initiative. By exploring the current situation of young farmers and herdsmen’s use of the national common language in Garze Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, this paper summarizes their language proficiency, language attitude and learning needs. Educational strategies are proposed, including improving the management mechanism, innovating education methods, establishing education resources guarantee system, and stimulating learning motivation, to facilitate the young Tibetan farmers and herdsmen national common language education, enhance the exchanges and integration among ethnic groups, and strengthen the construction of national identity.