铜侧吹熔炼余热利用装备及工艺的适应性设计

Adaptation Design of Waste Heat Utilization Equipment and Technology in Cooper Side Blowing Smelting

铜熔炼炉的烟气具有烟温高、烟气成分复杂以及有腐蚀性且含有大量粘结性烟尘的特点,实践表明,铜熔炼余热锅炉常出现上升烟道及辐射室粘结严重、结大块、对流区管束堵塞等问题,严重的造成整个熔炼工序停炉才能检修,长时间停炉给生产企业带来的损失非常巨大。针对铜侧吹熔炼炉烟气特点和配套余热锅炉生产实践出现的问题,经对比和理论分析,提出铜侧吹熔炼余热锅炉采用立式结构、强制循环的形式,并详细分析了上升烟道、下降烟道和水平烟道的结构设计要点。针对铜侧吹熔炼余热锅炉产汽量较大且比较稳定的特点,创新性的提出中压饱和蒸汽经硫酸转化工序主转化一段过热后进行汽力拖动经热电平衡分析,汽拖最大拖动功率为7085kW。

The flue gas of copper smelting furnace has the characteristics of high temperature,complex flue gas composition,corrosiveness and a large amount of cohesive fume.The practice shows that copper smelting waste heat boilers often have serious problems such as bonding in uptake flue and radiant chamber,caking,blockage in convection zone.These problems seriously cause the boiler to be shut down for maintenance.The long-term shutdown of the furnace will bring huge losses to the production enterprise.According to the flue gas characteristics of copper smelting furnace and the problems of waste heat boiler in production practice,after comparison and theoretical analysis,it is proposed that the copper side-blowing smelting waste heat boiler adopts a vertical structure and forced circulation form,and the structural designs of the rising flue,descending flue and the horizontal flue are analyzed in details.In view of the large and relatively stable steam output of the copper side-blown smelting waste heat boiler,it is innovatively proposed that the medium-pressure saturated steam is transformed by the sulfuric acid conversion process for a stage of superheating,and then the steam power is driven.After the thermoelectric balance analysis,the steam power is the maximum driving power of 7085kW.