民国时期中国武术的身体政治逻辑及其现代意义

Body Politics and Modern Significance of Chinese Wushu in Period of the Republic of China

运用文献资料法和逻辑分析法,从身体政治角度探究民国时期中国武术运变的逻辑机理。研究认为中国武术在尚武强国的身体觉醒中得以重新出场,期望通过中华新武术的身体正名、体育化武术的身体博弈和学校武术的身体训育达到改造国民身体的目的,实现了从末技到国术的话语蜕变、从拳师到教师的身份重构、从工具到符号的价值跃迁,由此完成了身体的“国族化”实践,彰显了中国武术的责任担当与历史使命。因此,深刻理解民国时期中国武术身体政治的底层逻辑,对准确把握中国武术发展的认知理据、实践进路和价值旨归具有重要现实意义。

The understanding of the logical of the body politics of the Chinese Wushu during the period of the Republic of China was of great importance to the understanding of the history,practice and values of the Chinese Wushu.Adopting literature study and logical analysis,from the perspective of body politics,this paper explored into the logical mechanism of the Chinese Wushu movement during the Republic of China.It was held that the Chinese Wushu rejuvenated via body awakening in building a powerful nation through military spirit,and it was hoped that the goal of transforming the citizen’s body could be achieved through the body rectification in the new form of Wushu,through competitive Wushu and school Wushu.The Chinese Wushu changed from an unimportant sport to national sport.The Wushu masters changed from performers to teachers.Wushu became a symbol of the nation,bearing the responsibility and historical mission of the nation.