单叶片离心泵水力诱导径向力的试验研究

Experimental study on the single blade centrifugal pump radial force

单叶片离心泵的水力诱导径向力严重影响其运行稳定性。为探究单叶片离心泵水力诱导径向力的动态特性,以一台单叶片离心泵为试验对象,采用水力机械综合测试仪结合霍尔感应器,分别测量泵空转、抽水时径向力瞬态分布图,获得单叶片离心泵水力诱导径向力。试验结果表明,不同型式叶片其径向力变化趋势相似,空转时,分布图呈现近似圆形,径向力大小基本保持不变,但抽水时,水力诱导径向力分布变成畸变椭圆形,最大值与最小值之间相差约180°,当叶轮的流道出口靠近泵壳出水端,诱导径向力变小且紊乱,而当流道出口旋转至泵壳底端附近,诱导径向力值达到最大且逐渐稳定。随着流量增加,离心泵的水力诱导径向力进一步增大,在小流量工况,径向力变化较为剧烈,在额定工况及大流量工况,径向力基本保持稳定。

The hydraulic induced radial force of the single blade centrifugal pump effects its running stability seriously.To research the hydraulic induced radial force of the single blade centrifugal pump,a single blade centrifugal pump was chose as the experimental object.With a hydraulic machinery comprehensive tester and hall sensors,the hydraulic induced radial force was obtained by measuring the pump’s radial force under closed condition and pumping condition.The results show that the radial force of different type blade has a similar trend.When the pump is under closed condition,the distribution map is approximately circular,and the magnitude of the radial force is basically unchanged.However,while pumping,the distribution of hydraulic induced radial force becomes distorted oval,and the impeller location difference between the maximum value and the minimum value is about 180°.Especially,when the trailing edge is close to the volute outlet,the induced radial force becomes smaller and disordered.On the contrary,when the trailing edge is near the bottom of the pump,the induced radial force reaches the maximum and gradually stabilizes.It was shown that the hydraulic induced radial force of the single blade centrifugal pump increases with the increase of flow rates,and the radial force changs violently under small flow rate,while it becomes stable under designed and high flow rates.