城乡居民的守法观念与警察信任

The Concept of Legal Compliance and Confidence in Police among Urban and Rural Residents

守法观念不仅是社会主义法制观念的重要组成部分,还体现了人们对法律权威和伦理秩序的认知和态度。探讨守法观念在户籍与警察信任之间的关系有利于凸显中国城乡居民权威信任的法治属性,同时也丰富了中国人的警察信任研究。当前,国内外学者还没有从守法观念的角度对中国城乡居民的警察信任进行研究。基于CGSS2017数据,通过建立城乡户籍、守法观念和警察信任的中介效应模型进行研究可以发现:首先,城市居民的程序正义信任和分配正义信任高于农村居民;其次,城市居民的守法意识比农村居民强,较强的守法意识促进警察信任;最后,从警察信任的不同维度来看,守法观念在城乡户籍与程序正义信任之间起到完全中介作用,守法观念对户籍与分配正义信任的中介效应小于程序正义信任,守法观念对中国居民有效性信任的促进作用没有城乡差异。

The concept of legal compliance is not only an important socialist legal concept, but also reflects people’s cognition of and attitude towards legal authority and ethical order. The study of the relationship between the concept of legal compliance and confidence in police helps highlight the ‘rule of law’ attribute of confidence in authority among urban and rural residents in China, and also enrich the research of police trust of Chinese people. So far, few Chinese and foreign studies have delved into confidence in police among Chinese urban and rural residents from the perspective of the concept of legal compliance. Based on CGSS2017 data, through establishing the mediating effect model of urban and rural household registration, the concept of legal compliance, and confidence in police, we can find that: Firstly, urban residents have higher confidence in procedural justice and distributive justice than rural residents. Secondly, urban residents have stronger consciousness of legal compliance than rural residents, leading to greater confidence in police. Lastly, from the perspective of different dimensions of confidence in police, the concept of legal compliance plays a complete intermediary role between urban and rural household registration and confidence in procedural justice. The mediating effect of the concept of legal compliance on household registration and confidence in distributive justice is less than that of confidence in procedural justice. There is no difference between urban and rural areas in promoting the validity confidence of Chinese residents.