银川市社区老年人智慧养老服务的认知分析

Cognitive Analysis of Intelligent Pension Service for the Elderly in Yinchuan Community

目的探讨银川市社区老年人对智慧养老服务的认知情况,分析社区老年人对智慧养老服务的评价或态度,为银川市智慧养老服务研究提供理论支撑,促进智慧养老服务的推广和普及。方法于2020年4月-5月通过方便抽样选取宁夏银川市三个社区中的210名老年人作为研究对象,采用问卷调查方式分析老年人对智慧养老服务认知情况。结果共调查210名老年人,有效问卷为189份。居家养老老人主要担心“平时生活缺少陪伴”;机构养老老人主要担心“假如生病会花很多钱,支付困难”;家庭养老老人主要担心“假如生病会需要子女照顾,会耽误他们的工作”。接受过养老服务占比较多的前三位分别是理发、测血糖等公益服务(67.20%)、文化娱乐活动(52.91%)和节假日上门服务(48.15%),有48名老年人认为社区提供的居家养老服务不能满足需求,不满足原因中居首位的是老年人认为社区中提供的服务类型单一,其次是服务没有针对性。社区老年人的首选养老模式为传统家庭养老,其次选择自我养老。老年人对智慧养老服务概念的认知中从未听说过者居多,占比47.62%;对智慧养老服务内容的认知中一般熟悉者居多,占比59.79%;对智慧养老服务平台的认知中偶尔听说过者居多,占比53.44%;对智慧养老服务宣传的认知中偶尔听说过居多,占比53.44%;对智慧养老服务的态度取向中支持推行智慧养老者居多,占比82.01%;对智慧养老服务的未来愿景中有助于减轻子女负担,占比74.07%;对智慧养老模式的参与意愿中非常愿意者居多,占比82.54%。结论不同养老方式的老年人主要担心的养老问题集中在生活照护与医疗费用方面;社区为老年人提供的养老服务侧重于集体活动,服务类型单一且没有针对性,社区老年人的首选养老模式仍为传统家庭养老,选择智慧养老的老年人较少且更注重养老质量,老年人对“智慧养老服务”的相关概念、服务内容、服务平台与宣传政策的认知度均不高,绝大多数老年人表示支持政府大力推行智慧养老,对于智慧养老服务模式的优势和发展前景十分看好。

Objective To explore the cognition of the elderly in the community of Yinchuan on smart pension services,analyze the evaluation or attitude of the elderly in the community on smart pension services,and provide theoretical support for the study of smart pension services in Yinchuan,and promote the promotion and popularization of smart pension services.Methods From April to May 2020,210 elderly people in three communities in Yinchuan City of Ningxia were selected as the research objects by convenient sampling.Questionnaire survey was used to analyze the cognition of elderly people on intelligent pension service.Results A total of 210 elderly people were investigated with 189 valid questionnaires.Home care for the elderly were mainly worried about"lack of companionship in ordinary life";the institutional elderly were mainly worried that"if they get ill,they will spend a lot of money and are difficult to pay";family pensioners were mainly concerned that"if they get sick,they need children to take care of and delay their work".The top three receiving old-age care services were haircut,blood glucose measurement and other public services(67.20%),cultural and recreational activities(52.91%)and holiday home service(48.15%).There were 48 elderly people think that the home care services provided by the community could not meet the needs,the first reason was that the elderly think that the service type provided by the community was single,and the second was that the service was not targeted.The first choice of community elderly pension modelwas the traditional family pension,followed by self-care.Most of the elderly had never heard of the concept of smart care services,accounting for 47.62%;most people were familiar with the content of smart care services,accounting for 59.79%;in the cognition of smart pension service platform,most people had heard occasionally,accounting for 53.44%;most of them have occasionally heard about the publicity of smart pension services,accounting for 53.44%;among the attitudes towards smart pension services,the majority support the implementation of smart pension,accounting for 82.01%;the future vision of smart care services helps to reduce the burden on children,accounting for 74.07%;most of the participants were willing to participate in the smart pension model,accounting for 82.54%.Conclusion The main concerns of the elderly with different pension modes are living care and medical expenses.The pension services provided by the community for the elderly focus on collective activities,and the service type is single and not targeted.The preferred pension mode of the elderly in the community is still the traditional family pension.The elderly who choose the wisdom pension are less and pay more attention to the quality of pension.The elderly do not have high awareness of the related concepts,service contents,service platforms and publicity policies of the“wisdom pension service”.The vast majority of the elderly express their support for the government to vigorously promote the wisdom pension,and they are very optimistic about the advantages and development prospects of the wisdom pension service mode.