强健性多丝量斑纹全限性家蚕新品种武·陵×映·秀的选育

Breeding of a Complete Sex-Limited Marking Silkworm Variety Wu·Ling×Ying·Xiu with Strong Vitality and High Silk Yield

以体质强健、多丝量为育种目标,利用优良多丝量蚕品种与强健性品种为亲本,杂交后代在春、夏、秋不同环境条件下交替培育,经连续多代攻毒和活蛹缫丝筛选,育成了具有抗血液型脓病特点的斑纹限性新品种N33改K、8535CK、湘34K和湘48K等,最终通过多元组配方式组配成了一代杂交新组合N33改K·8535CK×湘34K·湘48K(武·陵×映·秀)。实验室鉴定、农村试养结果表明,该组合具有强健好养、茧丝质优、抗逆性强的特点,综合经济性状优良。省级实验室鉴定新组合的秋季平均万蚕产茧量和万蚕茧层量分别为17.36 kg和3.81 kg,茧丝长为1 212.7 m,洁净为96.0分,均与对照品种871×872相仿;虫蛹统一生命率为95.63%,比对照高7.14百分点;春季主要经济性状也和对照品种相仿。新品种对BmNPV的耐受能力显著增强,BmNPV对2龄起蚕的LD_(50)为6.45×10^(10)mL^(-1),是对照品种秋丰×白玉LD_(50)的1.09×10^(5)倍。该杂交组合已于2021年通过重庆市蚕品种审定委员会审定,适合在长江流域秋季饲养,也可在"秋种春养"区域春季饲养。

Aiming at the silkworm breeding objective of strong vitality and high silk yield, the hybrid offspring with superior varieties of high silk yield and strong vitality being the parents, were bred alternately in spring, summer and autumn under different environmental conditions. After generations of BmNPV screening and fresh cocoon reeling screening, the new sex-limited marking varieties N33 GaiK, 8535 CK, Xiang34 K and Xiang48 K with the characteristics of high tolerance to BmNPV were bred. Finally, the quaternary hybrid N33 GaiK·8535 CK×Xiang34 K·Xiang48 K(Wu·Ling×Ying·Xiu) was prepared. Results of laboratory identification and rural production test revealed that the prepared hybrid had the advantages of strong vitality, easy handing, high quality of cocoon silk, strong stress resistance, showing excellent comprehensive economic characters. In autumn, the performance of the new variety in laboratory identification test from Chongqing City showed that its cocoon yield and cocoon shell weight per 10 000 larvae were 17.36 kg and 3.81 kg, its length of cocoon filament was 1 212.7 m, neatness was 96.0 points, all of which were close to those of the control 871×872. Its larva-pupa rate was 95.63%, which was 7.14 percentage points higher than that of the control. In spring, the main economic traits were also similar to those of the control. The disease resistance of the new variety to BmNPV was significantly enhanced, and its LD_(50)was 6.45×10^(10)mL^(-1), which was 1.09×10^(5)times that of the control Qiufeng×Baiyu. The hybrid combination has passed the evaluation by Silkworm Variety Examination and Approval Committee of Chongqing City in 2021. It is suitable for autumn rearing in the Yangtze River basin, and it can also be raised in spring in the areas where autumn silkworm eggs reared in spring.