果蝇和家蚕体型调控机制研究进展

Research Progress on Body Size Regulation in Drosophila and Bombyx mori

体型是昆虫最明显和最基本的特征之一,研究昆虫体型调控分子机制有助于了解生命的奥秘,对于治疗某些人类体型疾病也具有借鉴意义。通过对果蝇、家蚕等模式生物的研究发现,昆虫体型受多种因素调控,受遗传和环境因素的双重影响。微调基因、激素和信号通路等内在因素通过控制细胞生长、蛋白质合成以及有丝分裂等过程对昆虫的体型调控起着决定性作用,营养、温度等外界环境因素也影响体型大小。本文综述了影响果蝇体型的基因、信号通路、激素等,以及家蚕体型突变体的研究进展,旨在为昆虫体型调控分子机制的研究提供参考。

Body size is one of the most prominent and basic characteristics of insects. Study on the molecular mechanism of body size regulation is not only helpful to understand the mysteries of life, but also has important significance for the cure of some human diseases closely related to body size. By using model organisms such as Drosophila and Bombyx mori as research materials, researchers have found that body size of insects is regulated by a variety of factors, and affected by both genetic and environmental factors. Internal factors such as fine-regulating genes, hormones and signaling pathways play decisive roles in the regulation of body size by controlling cellular growth, protein synthesis and mitosis. External environmental factors such as nutrition and temperature also affect body size. In this review, we summarized the research progress on genes, signaling pathways and hormones that affect the insect(Drosophila) body size, and body size mutants of B. mori, in order to provide a reference for the research on the molecular mechanism of insect body size regulation.