2017-2019年成都市天府新区小学生龋齿患病情况分析

Prevalence of dental caries among primary school students in Tianfu new district from Chengdu of 2017 to 2019

目的了解成都市天府新区小学生龋齿患病情况及变化趋势,为做好学生龋齿防治工作提供科学依据。方法收集2017—2019年成都市天府新区学校卫生综合监测点校学生体检资料的龋齿检查数据,使用SPSS 16.0统计软件,采用方差分析和卡方检验分析比较不同年份、性别、年龄的学生龋齿患病情况,检验水准α=0.05。结果 2017—2019年成都市天府新区参加口腔检查的小学生为7 059人,检出龋齿3 449人,龋患率48.86%,其中乳牙龋患率32.16%,恒牙龋患率19.10%,龋均(1.49±2.15)颗,龋齿充填率17.12%。2017、2018和2019年龋患率分别为59.00%、51.86%和34.63%,呈逐年下降趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。不同性别的龋患率、乳牙龋患率、龋均和龋齿充填率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),恒牙龋患率女生高于男生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。龋患率和龋均随年龄增长呈先升高后下降趋势,"8岁"组最高,"12岁"组最低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论成都市天府新区小学生龋患率高、充填率低,应采取加强学校口腔卫生宣教、扩大窝沟封闭实施范围等综合防控措施,有效降低学生龋患率。

Objective To understand the prevalence and trend of dental caries among primary school students in Tianfu New District of Chengdu,and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of dental caries. Methods The dental caries data of students in Tianfu New District of Chengdu from 2017 to 2019 was collected and analyzed by SPSS16.0 statistical software. The prevalence of dental caries among students of different years, gender and age was compared by ANOVA and chi square test. The test level was α=0.05. Results From 2017 to 2019,there were 7 059 primary school students who participated in oral examination,3 449 caries were diagnosed with dental caries,and the caries rate was 48.86%. The caries rate of deciduous teeth was 32.16%,the caries rate of permanent teeth was 19.10%,the average number of caries was 1.49,with a standard deviation of2.15, and the caries filling rate was 17.12%. The yearly caries rates among all the students were59.00%,51.86% and 34.63% from 2017 to 2019,respectively,showing a downward trend year by year(P<0.01). Between different genders, No significant differences were found for the caries rate, the caries rate of deciduous teeth, the average number of caries and the caries filling rate(P>0.05). The caries rate of permanent teeth among female students was higher than that among male students(P<0.01). The caries rate and the average number of caries were first increased and then decreased with age,with the highest in the 8-year-old group and the lowest in the 12-yearold group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.01). Conclusions The caries rate is high and the filling rate is low in primary school students in Tianfu New District of Chengdu.Comprehensive prevention and control measures such as strengthening school oral health education and expanding the implementation scope of pit and fissure sealing should be taken to effectively reduce the caries rate of students.