邻苯二甲酸对辣椒种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

Effects of Phthalate on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Pepper

以“辛香8号”辣椒为试材,采用室内水培方法,研究了邻苯二甲酸(PA)处理(0.50、0.75、1.00、1.25、1.50、1.75、2.00mmol·L^(-1))对辣椒种子活力指数、胚根长度和辣椒叶片生理生化指标的影响,以期为辣椒化感作用研究提供参考依据。结果表明:0.50mmol·L^(-1)PA显著提高了辣椒种子的活力指数,促进了胚根生长,提高了幼苗叶片中叶绿素含量和最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm),0.75mmol·L^(-1)处理H_(2)O_(2)含量最低,抗氧化酶活性进一步增强,浓度大于0.75mmol·L^(-1)时逐渐呈现出抑制效果,1.50mmol·L^(-1)PA处理种子的活力指数显著降低50.17%,胚根长减少57.04%。PA处理后幼苗叶片中可溶性蛋白质(SP)含量和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)活性呈先增加后降低趋势,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性一直保持下降趋势,H_(2)O_(2)含量先下降后升高。综上所述,辣椒幼苗通过提高体内SP含量、保护酶活性和降低H_(2)O_(2)含量抵抗PA胁迫。

Taking‘Xinxiang No.8’pepper varieties as materials,the phthalic acid(PA)treatment(0.50、0.75、1.00、1.25、1.50、1.75、2.00 mmol·L^(-1))on seed vigor index,radicle length and physiological and biochemical indexes of pepper leaves were studied by indoor hydroponic method,in order to provide theoretical basis for the allelopathy of pepper.The results showed that,0.50mmol·L^(-1)PA significantly increased seed viability index,promoted radicle growth,increased chlorophyll content and maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm)in seedling leaves,and 0.75mmol·L^(-1)PA significantly increased H_(2)O_(2) content and antioxidant enzyme activity,while 0.75mmol·L^(-1)PA significantly increased seed viability index,promoted radicle growth,increased chlorophyll content and maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm)in seedling leaves.When the concentration was higher than 0.75 mmol·L^(-1),the seed vigor index and radicle length were significantly reduced by 50.17%and 57.04%in 1.50mmol·L^(-1)PA.After PA treatment,the soluble protein content(SP),the activities of APX,CAT and POD in seedling leaves increased firstly and then decreased,the activity of SOD kept decreasing,and the content of H_(2)O_(2) decreased firstly and then increased.In conclusion,pepper seedlings can resist PA stress by increasing SP content,protective enzyme activity and decreasing H_(2)O_(2) content.