城市居民低碳交通意愿与行为一致性研究

Congruence between residents’ low-carbon travel intention and behavior

城市居民的低碳交通意愿与行为之间的一致性对低碳城市建设具有重要意义,然而尚少有研究关注低碳交通"意愿—行为"一致性及其影响因素。基于计划行为理论,并将建成环境和个体社会经济属性作为情境因素引入分析框架,构建了不同情境下低碳交通行为发生机理的模型,并运用多群组结构方程进行实证检验。研究发现:低碳交通行为是由自发性驱动和习惯性驱动双重行为逻辑影响的复杂过程,且以"意愿—行为"为表征的自发性驱动占主导作用。同时,收入、职业、公共交通便利度和人口密度等情境变量在低碳交通意愿到行为的转化过程中发挥着重要的调节作用。具体而言,高收入群体和行政事业单位群体具有更高的低碳交通意愿与行为的一致性;公共交通便利和人口密集的城市设计也会促进居民低碳交通意愿与行为相一致。因此,应有针对性地强化低碳交通意愿,培养低碳交通习惯,优化城市空间结构,引导高碳群体低碳出行。

The congruence between urban residents’ intention and behavior of low carbon travel is of great significance to low-carbon city construction. However,there is lack of the study of the congruence. Based on the built environment and sociodemographic factors that influence residents’ low-carbon travel intention-behavior congruence,this article constructs a residents’ travel decision-making model by integrating the theory of planned behavior. Multigroupstructural equation model are employed toanalyze the impacts of intention and habit. The results show thatresidents’ low-carbon travelis affected by multiple logics of’spontaneity’and’habit’factors,and the logic of’spontaneity’is dominant. In addition,built environment factors( population density and accessibility to publictransport) andsociodemographic factors( income and occupation) have significant moderating effects on the relationship between intention and behavior. Therefore,interventions should aim at promoting low-carbon travel intention and habit,constructing a low-carbon urban spatial structure,guiding residents’ travel behavior shift.