摄食管理联合冷热口腔刷洗对脑瘫并吞咽障碍患者咀嚼功能和营养状况的影响

Effect of Food Intake Management Combined with Hot and Cold Oral Brushing on Masticatory Function and Nutritional Status of Patients with Cerebral Palsy and Dysphagia

目的探讨摄食管理联合冷热口腔刷洗对脑瘫并吞咽障碍患者咀嚼功能和营养状况的影响。方法选取2019年4月至2021年4月在本院确诊的脑瘫并吞咽障碍患者126例,采用简单随机分组将患者分为观察组和对照组,每组各63例。对照组采用冷热口腔刷洗,观察组在对照组的基础上联合摄食管理,均持续干预1个月。在干预前后,采用洼田氏饮水试验评估两组患者的吞咽功能;采用自制量表评估两组患者的咀嚼功能;观察两组患者的转铁蛋白量、白蛋白量、前蛋白量。结果在干预1个月后,观察组患者的吞咽功能显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者的牙齿咬合程度、能够进食类型、咀嚼食物情况等咀嚼功能评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者转铁蛋白量、前蛋白量及白蛋白量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论摄食管理联合冷热口腔刷洗可提高脑瘫并吞咽障碍患者的咀嚼功能和吞咽功能,改善营养状况,有利于改善患者的预后。

Objective To investigate the effect of food intake management combined with hot and cold oral brushing on masticatory function and nutritional status of patients with cerebral palsy and swallowing disorder.Methods A total of 126 patients with cerebral palsy and dysphagia diagnosed in our hospital from April 2019 to April 2021 were selected.The patients were divided into observation group and control group by simple random grouping,with 63 cases in each group.The control group used hot and cold oral brushing,and the observation group was combined with food intake management on the basis of the control group,and both continued to intervene for 1 month.Before and after the intervention,the swallowing function of the two groups of patients was evaluated by the Watian drinking test;the mastication function of the two groups of patients was evaluated by a self-made scale;the amount of transferrin,albumin,and preprotein of the two groups of patients was observed.Results After 1 month of intervention,the swallowing function of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05);the observation group’s chewing function scores such as the degree of tooth occlusion,the type of food that can be eaten,and the food chewing were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05);The amount of transferrin,preprotein and albumin in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The combination of food intake management and hot and cold oral brushing can improve the masticatory and swallowing functions of patients with cerebral palsy and swallowing disorders,improve the nutritional status,and improve the prognosis of patients.