山西离石后石商代墓葬

Excavation Report of Shang Tombs at Houshi Village in Lishi,Shanxi

2020年,山西省考古研究院等单位在吕梁山区离石后石墓地发掘了两座商代墓葬,编号为M32和M21。其中M32二层台上及椁室内发现6具殉人,这是目前晋陕高原南流黄河两岸发现殉人最多、规模最大、等级最高的商代墓葬。该墓下葬以后发生过严重毁墓行为,出土陶器、青铜短剑等器物形制特殊,反映了晋西高原商时期复杂的多元文化背景。M21出土的陶盆装饰两组三角刻划纹,这种纹饰在殷墟很常见,两者之间或存在文化交流。两座墓葬的发现,为区域遗存年代、文化性质、族属等研究提供了重要新材料,是近年来晋陕高原商代考古的重要突破。

Two Shang-Dynasty tombs situated at Houshi Village in Lishi of Lyuliang,M32 and M21 were excavated in 2020 by the Shanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology and other institutions.In M32,six martyrs were found on the second floor and in the coffin chamber,which marks the finding of the highest grade and the largest scale Shang-Dynasty tomb on the banks of the Yellow River in the south Shanxi-Shaanxi Plateau.The M21 was seriously destructed after completion.However,artifacts like potteries and bronze daggers in special shapes were unearthed,which witnesses the cultural diversity on the plateau of western Shanxi in the Shang period.The pottery basin unearthed in M21 is decorated with two sets of triangular engraved patterns which are quite common in the Yin Ruins.Therefore,speculation of cultural exchanges between the two places can be made.These two tombs have provided important new materials for the study of the age,cultural nature,and ethnicity of the regional remains.The discovery is an important breakthrough in archaeology of the Shang Dynasty on the Shanxi-Shaanxi Plateau in recent years.