生物多样性与人类世地球:挑战、威胁和希望

Biodiversity and the Anthropocene Earth:Challenges,Threats,and Hope

人类主体能力增强带来的科技发展赋予了人类改变地球的巨大力量,从而导致人类世时代的日益凸显,生物多样性也因之面临诸多挑战。生态现代主义者就此提出"解耦于自然"的概念,认为人类可以利用技术发展来解决这些人为造成的问题,使地球重新恢复绿色生机。作为一个颇为棘手的"公地悲剧",全球变暖也因各方利益冲突而无法处理。人工合成地球的提出者主张,人类可通过地球工程提供防御。除此之外,神经科学、社会科学和环境行为学以及"可持续生物圈"也都致力于在各自领域内探讨应对人类世的挑战。面对上述探索和困难,人类作为地球上唯一的道德物种,应作出改变,努力使这颗美丽的星球上呈现出文化价值和自然价值的完美交织,而这并不是一个遥不可及的梦想。

The scientific and technological development brought about by the enhancement of human subjects’ability has endowed human beings with great power to change the earth,thus leading to increasingly prominent Anthropocene Epoch,and biodiversity is faced up with many challenges.In this regard,ecological modernists put forward the concept of"decoupling from nature",believing that human beings can use technological development to solve these man-made problems and make the earth restore green vitality.As a thorny"tragedy of the Commons",global warming has become too hot to handle because of conflicting interests.The proponents of a synthetic earth argue that humans can geoengineering the earth to defend it;In addition,neurosciences,social science and environmental behavior,and"sustainable biosphere"are exploring the challenges of the Anthropocene Epoch in their respective fields.In the face of the above exploration and difficulties,human beings,as the only moral species on earth,should make changes and strive to present the perfect interweaving of cultural values and natural values on this beautiful planet,and this is not a far-fetched daydream that cannot be reached.