再探唯物辩证法三大规律的相互关系

Revisiting the Interrelationship of the Three Laws of Materialist Dialectics

唯物辩证法作为马克思主义哲学重要的、不可缺少的一部分,是科学的世界观与方法论原则。恩格斯将唯物辩证法主要概括为三大规律:质量互变规律、对立统一规律、否定之否定规律。这是恩格斯对唯物辩证法体系最初步的探讨。但是,恩格斯未对概括出的辩证法三大规律之间的相互关系进行具体的说明,就使得三大规律作为辩证法体系的主要内容受到多方学者的诘难与批判,它的真正内涵被许多学者误解。事实上,尽管恩格斯并未直接说明三大规律之间的具体联系,但从恩格斯的主要文本中,能够直接找到相应的证据,来说明三大规律之间的彼此联系和不可分割的关系,也就能够进一步证明唯物辩证法体系的合理合法性。

Materialist dialectics, an important and indispensable part of Marxist philosophy, is a scientific world outlook and methodological principles. Engels summarized the materialist dialectics into three main laws: the law of mutual change between quality and quantity, the law of the unity of the opposites, and the law of negation of the negation. This is the most preliminary discussion of the system of materialist dialectics by Engels. However, Engels did not give a specific explanation of the interrelationship among the three general laws, which subjects the three laws as the main content of the dialectic system to criticism and attack by many scholars, and its true connotation to misunderstanding. In fact, although Engels did not directly explain the specific relationship among the three laws, evidences can be found in his main writings to illustrate the inseparable interrelationship among the three laws, which further prove the rationality and legitimacy of the materialist dialectics system.