中国城市房地产企业网络的结构特征

Structural Characteristics of the Intercity Network of Real Estate Enterprises in China

基于2021年中国Top100的房地产企业总部及分支机构信息,通过链锁网络模型和空间网络分析,探讨了我国房地产企业服务网络的空间格局与区域差异。结果发现:①我国房地产企业网络呈东密西疏,"京—沪—广—蓉"的菱形主干结构明显,并通过邻近扩散和远程跃迁形成房企资源的城际流动通道。②房地产企业总部集聚于大城市和国家级城市群,分支则相对分散且覆盖众多的三四线城市。③房地产企业服务能力强的城市集中于少数高能级和经济发达城市,其中,上海市第一,随后为成都市、北京市、南京市、苏州市、武汉市、重庆市、广州市。④长三角城市群房企服务能力最强,珠三角次之,房企资源分布呈多中心布局态势;京津冀与成渝城市群发展不均衡,对周边城市的虹吸效应大于带动辐射;中西部城市群的房企资源极化于首位城市。

Based on the location information of headquarters and branches of China′s Top100 real estate enterprises in 2021,this paper explored the spatial pattern of intercity service network of real estate enterprises and the differentiated characteristics of urban service capabilities through an interlocking network model and spatial network analysis.The results showed that:①The intercity real-estate-enterprise network was dense in the East and sparse in the West,presenting a diamond-shaped backbone structure bounded by Beijing,Shanghai,Guangzhou and Chengdu,which formed the channels of intercity flows of real estate resources.②The headquarters of real estate enterprises were concentrated in large cities and national-level urban agglomerations,whereas their branches were relatively scattered,covering many third-and fourth-tier cities.③Cities with strong real estate service capability were concentrated in a few highly administrative and economically developed cities.Shanghai ranked the first,followed by Chengdu,Beijing,Nanjing,Suzhou,Wuhan,Chongqing,and Guangzhou.④The Changjiang River Delta Urban Agglomeration had the best service capability of real estate,followed by the Pearl River Delta whose real estate resources were relatively polycentrically distributed.The development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Chengdu-Chongqing Urban Agglomerations were uneven,and the siphon effects of core cities on surrounding cities were greater than radiation effects.Real estate resources in the Central and Western Urban Agglomerations were polarized in primate cities.